Human Values & Prof. Ethics-1

National Values

National Values:

1. Justice:

The justice is built upon affirmative and collective relations and dependent on collective interests of individual groups and society. It includes social justice, economic justice and political justice.

2. Liberty:

Each citizen has the right to freedom of speech. But it should not harm and ignore the national, social and even the personal interest of others. It should not jeopardize the national unity and social amity. Liberty is essential for individual progress and progress of society.

3. Equality:

It is necessary to achieve the ends in liberty. It is one of the important social objectives of democracy.

4. Fraternity:

For the glory of the individual and society, both the unity of the nation and the dignity of the individual is of vital importance. The feeling of compassion, love among human beings and the feeling of friendship are necessary for fraternity with a national feeling.

National Integration:

In India we have multi-cultural, multi-lingual, and multi-traditional groups. Our constitution emphasizes the concept of unity in diversity and expects every citizen of India to honour the feeling of national and emotional integration.

Respect for all Religions:

India is a country of plural religions. The feeling of hatred towards religion may hamper the unity of democratic India. Each Individual is free to follow his own faith and principles of religion. Each individual has to respect other religions.

Sukh and Suvidha:

Sukh is a holistic and all encompassing state of the mind that creates inner harmony. Sukh is also called as happiness. Suvidha implies that it is looking for physical comforts and all the sources of attaining such comforts. When our body gets used to a certain level of comfort then we will only feel comfortable at that level eg. comfort in fan, cooler or air conditioner. Different people have a different perception of suvidha and will seek a corresponding level of suvidha according to their perceptions. By nature man is fond of comfort and happiness so he goes on making desires and ambitions one after the other to enjoy more in life. To lead a comfortable life he also accumulates many facilities, so that his life may become full of comfort and happiness. Sukh depends upon our thinking, so many times we are surrounded by materialistic possessions but we feel unsatisfied. People think that their happiness depends upon suvidha (facilities) but is it not so; happiness depends upon our thinking or our mental satisfaction.

Needs of the Body are Quantitative:

Need of body are physical facilities. Physical facilities are needed for the body in a limited quantity. When we try and exceed these limits, it becomes troublesome for us after some time. Let’s take the example of eating. As far as, physical facilities (say rasgulla) go, they are necessary in the beginning, but if we keep consuming, it becomes intolerable with the passage of time. This applies to every physical facility. We can only think of having unlimited physical facilities, but if we try and consume, or have too much of physical facilities, it only ends up becoming a problem for us. When we try to perpetuate physical facilities, the following pattern results. With time it successively changes from: