A
A Zie. In Miao legend of the creation, 407–408
Accessory Institutions, 37–38; education, 37–38
Address, Forms of, 42
Administration. General, 28 sq.; in Feudal Period, 28–29; in Monarchical Period, 29; in Republican Period, 30
Æsthetic Products, 59
Age for Marriage, 23
Agents. The Three, 125; the Three Great Emperor Agents, 125; the Three Supreme Agents, 125
Agnosticism. Confucius and, 88–89
Agriculture, 49 sq.; Ministry of, 50
Agriculturists. Nung; the second class of the people, 28
Air. Sovereign of the Eastern, 136–137; sovereign of the Western, 137
Akkadia. Supposed origin of the Chinese in, 13, 15, 17
All Souls’ Day. Festival of (Mid-autumn Festival), 35, 44–45
Alligator, The Spiritual, 223–224
Amita, Amida. O-mi-t’o Fo; Buddha, 119, 120 Page 428
Amitabha. See Amita
An-kung. God of Sailors, 165
Ancestor-worship. The origin of Chinese religion, 52; by rulers, 94; ordinary, 100; and Buddhism, 118
Ao. A sea-monster; raises the scholar K’uei on its back, 106
Ao Ch’in. A Dragon-king; and the Eight Immortals, 214 sq.
Ao Ping. Third son of Lung Wang, 308–309
Aquila. Star; legend regarding Vega and, 189 sq.
Archer, The Divine, 180 sq.
Armless People. Legend of the, 388
Artisans. Kung; the third class of the people, 28
Arts, 49
Astrological Superstitions, 176
Asuras. Buddhist demons; enemies of Dêvas, 198
August. The Pure August One; Yü Huang, 130
B
Barge of Mercy, Taoist, 160
Beards. Little worn, 47
Beginning. Of Form, 90; of Pneuma, 90; the Great, 90; of Substance, 90
Bell, Casting of the Great. Legend of, 394 sq.
Bezoar. See Niu Huang
Bible. Parallelisms of, with Chinese religious and mythological beliefs, 79 n.
“Biographies of the Gods.” Shên hsien chuan, by Ko Hung, 79
Bird. Of Dawn, 186–187; the one-legged, 206
Birth of the Soul, 93
Blackwater River, Demons of. In the Hsi yu chi, 352
Blank, The Great, 90
Blower. See Ch’ên Ch’i
Blue Dragon. Ch’ing Lung; spirit of the Blue Dragon Star; guardian of Taoist temple gates, 146 sq.
Blue River. Hsüan Chuang exposed in, as an infant, 337
“Book of Ceremonial.” Li chi, 103
“Book of History,” 84
Brothers, The Three Musical, 151
Buddha. Ju Lai, 78; and the Law and the Priesthood, 119; Tathagata, 119; Fo Pao, one of the San Pao, 119; Shâkyamuni, 119; Yüeh-shih Fo, the Master-Physician, 120; Miao Shan (Kuan Yin) becomes a, 271; his jumping competition with Sun Hou-tzŭ, 332–333
Buddhism. As a Chinese religion, 53; effect on mythology, 62–63; one of the three religions, 100; brought to China, 118; Mahayanistic form of, 118; origin in ancestor-worship, 118; and Taoism, 118; and Confucianism, 118; Buddha, the Law, and the Priesthood, 119
Buddhist-s. Account of P’an Ku, 77; guardians of temple gates, 146; evil dragons, 208; number of dragons, 209; saviour of the Buddhists in Slow-carts Country, 353 sq.
Buffalo. Of T’ung-t’ien Chiao-chu, 133–134
Burial, Methods of, 39 sq.
Bushel Mother. See Tou Mu
Butterfly. Chuang Tzŭ and the, 91 and n., 148–149
C
“Canon of Changes.” See I Ching
Capture, Marriage By, 22
Carp. Ch’ên Kuang-jui and the released, 336, 339–340
Cart, Land of the Flying, 391
Cask of Pearls. Wang Tan and the, 131–132
Cause-s. First, Yüan-shih T’ien-tsun, 127; Superior, Medium, and Inferior, 126; the Three, 125 sq.
Celestial Ministries, 98–99, 164
Cemeteries, Chinese, 41
Ceremonial Institutions. Changes in marriage ceremonial, 24–25; exacting nature of funeral rites, 41; codes of ceremonial, 42 Page 429
Ch’an-yü. Daughter of Têng Chiu-kung; helps her father, 147; marries T’u Hsing-sun, 147
Chang Fei. Chang I Tê, the meat-seller; and Kuan Yü, 114 sq.
Chang Hsien. The patron of child-bearing women, 177 sq.; shoots the Heavenly Dog, 177–178; spirit of the star Chang, 178–179; origin of worship of, 178
Chang I Tê. See Chang Fei
Chang Kuei-fang. Defeated by No-cha, 153–154
Chang Kuo. One of the Eight Immortals, 288, 303; legend of, 294–295
Chang Lao. The old priest who rescued the infant son of Ch’ên Kuang-jui, 337–338
Ch’ang Ô, or Hêng Ô. Called T’ai-yin Huang-chün and Yüeh-fu Ch’ang Ô; the younger sister of the Spirit of the Waters, 179 sq.; Shên I marries, 182; eats pill of immortality, 184–185; flies to the moon, 185; and the white rabbit, 185; changed to a toad, 176, 188
Chang Shao. His fight with Nan-chi Hsien-wêng, 158–159; defeated by White Crane Youth, 159
Chang Tao-ling. The first Taiost pope, 138 sq.; finds ancient writings, 138–139; founder of modern Taoism, 139; and pills of immortality, 139, 140; and talismans, 139; a ‘rice-thief,’ 139; his disciple, Wang Ch’ang, 140, 141, 216; Chao Shêng plucks the peaches for, 140–141; the Heavenly Teacher, 141; Vicegerent of Pearly Emperor, 141; Commander-in-Chief of the hosts of Taoism, 141; his descendants, 142; and the dragon, 216–217; and the Spirits of the Well, 216–217; and the hunter, 217
Chang T’ien-shih. Master of the Taoists; Emperor Li Shih-min and, 243 sq.; causes death of the five graduates, 244; gives magic objects to graduates, 245
Chang Ya. The God of Tzŭ T’ung 104 sq.
Change, The Great, 90
“Changes, The Canon of.” See I Ching
Chao Chên. Minister to Miao Chuang, 253, 257, 277, 279–280, 283; becomes Emperor, 285
Chao K’uei. Marries Miao Ch’ing, 258; conspires against Miao Chuang, 277 sq.
Chao Kung-ming. See Ts’ai Shên
Chao Shêng. Plucks the peaches, 140–141
Ch’ao Tu. A watchman; Li T’ieh-kuai and, 291
Chao Yen. His connexion with Shou Hsing, 172
Chaos. Evolution of, and i tu, 90–91
Characteristics. Emotional, intellectual, and physical, of the Chinese, 21–22
Charms. Use of, prevalent, 54
Ch’ê. And the fox, 379 sq.
Ch’ên. The Officials; the first class of the people, 28
Ch’ên. A Buddhist nun; collects subscriptions for casting an image of Buddha; and the maniac’s mite, 401–402
Chên, Mr. A fox; and Chia Tzŭ-lung, 381 sq.
Ch’ên Kuang-jui. A graduate of Hai Chou, 336; appointed Governor of Chiang Chou, 336; and the released carp, 336, 339–340; murder of, by Liu Hung, 337; his infant son exposed on the Blue River, 337; his murderer executed, 339; saved by Lung Wang, 339–340; is reunited with his family, 340. See also Hsüan Chuang
Ch’ên Ch’i, or Ha. The Blower, 145; his battle with the Snorter, 145–146; speared by Huang Fei-hu, 146; canonized, 146; appointed guardian of Buddhist temple gates, 146; overthrows Têng Chiu-kung, 148
Chên-jên. The Perfect Man, or Hero, 125, 135–136
Chên-shui T’a. See Yü Ch’üan Shan T’a Page 430
Chêng Chêng-ch’ang. Choir-mistress in Nunnery of the White Bird, 261, 263–264
Chêng Lung, or Hêng. The Snorter, 145; instructed by Tu Ô, 145; his battle with the Blower, 145–146; killed by Chin Ta-shêng, 146; canonized, 146; appointed guardian of the Buddhist temple gates, 146
Ch’êng Tsung. Emperor; and the San Yüan, 127; and Yü Huang, 130–131; and the casket of pearls, 131–132
Ch’êng-huang, God of the City, 165–166, 402 sq.
Ch’i. Pneuma, 90; Primary Matter, 86; Chu Tzŭ and, 87; tao and, 88
Chi Chou. The early seat of Chinese sovereignty, 82
Chia Tzŭ-lung. And Mr Chên, a fox, 381 sq.
Chiang Chou. Ch’ên Kuang-jui appointed Governor of, 336
Chiang Shang. See Chiang Tzŭ-ya
Chiang Tzŭ-ya. His name Chiang Shang, but known as Lü Shang, famous generalissimo, 122, 152 sq.; canonizes Hêng and Ha, 146; and Têng Chiu-kung, 147–148; and Chü Liu-sun, 147; and Yin Ch’êng-hsiu, 148; and battle of Mu Yeh, 152–153; transfers services to Chou, 152; and Wu Wang, 153, 154; and No-cha, 153–154; goes to K’un-lun, 154; receives List of Promotions to Immortals from Yüan-shih, 154; disobeys Yüan-shih’s commands, 155; tempted by Shên Kung-pao, 155; compact with Shên Kung-pao, 155; assisted by Ancient Immortal of the South Pole against Shên Kung-pao, 156–157; intercedes for Shên Kung-pao, 157; builds the Fêng Shên T’ai, 157; in battle with Wên Chung, 158 sq.; wounds Wên Chung, 160; his encounter with Ch’ien-li Yen and Shun-fêng Êrh, 162 sq.; causes death of Chao Kung-ming, 170–171; confers appanage of the twenty-eight constellations on T’ung-t’ien Chiao-chu and his followers, 191–192; and T’ai Sui, 196; and Lei Tsu, 199; and Lü Yüeh, 241
Chieh-yin Tao-jên. Fights with T’ung-t’ien Chiao-chu, 321
Ch’ien-li Yen, or Kao Ming. Thousand-li Eye, 161 sq.; general of tyrant Chou, 161–162; encounters with No-cha, Yang Chien, Chiang Tzŭ-ya, Li Ching, and Lei Chên-tzŭ, 162 sq.; defeated, 163–164; searches for heir to Miao Chuang, 254–255
Ch’ien-t’ang. Chief God of Rivers, 218–219
Chih. See Substance
Ch’ih Ching-tzŭ. Seeks Yüan-shih T’ien-wang, 129; defeats Wên Chung, 161; an alleged discoverer of fire, 199; fights Wên Chung, 199; personification of fire, 237
Ch’ih Sung-tzŭ. See Yü Shih
Ch’ih Ti. See Chu Jung
Ch’ih-chiang Tzŭ-yü. Visits Ô-mei Shan, 179; on the steep summit, 180; instructed in the doctrine of immortality, 186; a skilful archer, 180 sq.; named Shên I; his adventures as Shên I—see Shên I
Children. Position of, in China, 25–26
Ch’in. The feudal state which subjugated the other states and established the monarchy, 27
Chin Chia. ‘Mr Golden Cuirass’; protector of scholars, 112–113
Chin Hung. God of T’ai Shan; and Yüan-shih T’ien-wang, 128–129
Chin Mu. Shên I builds a palace for, 183–184; gives Shên I pill of immortality, 184
Ch’in Shih Huang-ti. The First Emperor; and the dragon, 212 sq.
Ch’in Shu-pao. A Door-god, 173–174. See Mên Shên
Chin Ta-shêng. ‘Golden Big Pint,’ an ox-spirit; kills the Snorter, 146; and niu huang, or bezoar, 146
Chin-cha. See Li Chin-cha
Chin-kang. The Four Diamond Kings of Heaven; governors of the four continents surrounding Page 431Mount Sumêru, 120 sq.; reflected in Taoist Kings of Heaven, 142
China. Extent in early times, 17, 18; physical features of, 18–19; Manchu conquest of, 18, 28; vegetable products of, 19–20; animals of, 20; Mongol rule over, 21; intercourse with other countries, 21; origin of name, 27; conquered by the Tartars, 27–28; government of, 28 sq.; Republican, 30, 31–32, 36; laws of, 30 sq.; local government of, 32; military and naval system of, 32 sq.; ecclesiastical institutions, 34 sq.; professional institutions, 36; accessory institutions, 37; industrial institutions, 47 sq.; agriculture in, 49 sq.; gods of, 93 sq.; Buddhism brought to, 118; prevalence of smallpox in, 246–247
Chinese. Theories of origin of, 13 sq.; problem of sources of civilization of, 17; district occupied by early, 17, 18; cause of difference between, of North and South, 17; physical, emotional, and intellectual characteristics, 21–22; domestic institutions, 22 sq., 47–48; expansion of Empire, 27–28; mutilations practised by, 38–39; funeral rites of, 39 sq.; laws of intercourse, 42; habits and customs, 43; sports and games, 45; arts, 49; sentiments and moral ideas, 51–52; religious ideas, 52–53; superstitions, 53–54; knowledge, 54 sq.; language, 56–57; achievements, 57 sq.; intellect and mythology, 61; rigidity of their mythology, 61, 63–64; character of mythology of, 67; sources of mythology of, 69 sq.; religion, 97; myths of—see Mythology
Ching Tê. In legend of Yü Huang, 132–133
Chisel-tooth. A strange man of the South; a criminal, 184; killed by Shên I, 184
Ch’iung Hsiao. A goddess; assists the house of Chou with magic weapons, 158
Chou. Colonies of early Chinese established among the aborigines, 27
Chou Dynasty. No-cha and, 146; helped by Chiang Tzŭ-ya, 152 sq.
Chou Hsin. The Ch’êng-huang of Hangchou, 166
Chou Tun-i. See Chou Tzŭ
Chou Tzŭ, or Chou Tun-i. Philosopher; author of T’ai chi t’u shu, 86, 87
Chou Wang. Tyrant king of Yin; his battles with Wu Wang, 133–134
Chou-pien. In legend of Ch’un-yü Fên, 413–414, 415–416, 419
Ch’u Chieh. General of Miao Chuang, 253
Chu Fu Tzŭ. See Chu Tzŭ
Chu Hsi. See Chu Tzŭ
Chu I. ‘Mr Redcoat’; purveyor of official posts, 110 sq.
Chu Jung. The Red (Fire) Emperor, Ch’ih Ti; a minister of Huang Ti, 81; victorious over Kung Kung, 81; legend of, 237 sq.; becomes emperor, 238; defeats Hui Lu, 239
Chü Liu-sun. A magic-master; and Chiang Tzŭ-ya, 147
Chu Pa-chieh. The Pig Fairy in the Hsi yu chi, 326; half man, half pig, 335; Mao Êrh-chieh and, 335; Kuan Yin and, 335; is made a priest and receives religious name of Chu Wu-nêng, 335; journeys with the Master, 341 sq.; and the widow and her daughters, 342 sq.; carried away to the Lotus Cave, 345 sq.; his reward, 368
Chu Tzŭ, Chu Hsi, or Chu Fu Tzŭ. Historian and Confucian commentator, 85, 86–87; monistic philosophy of, 86–87
Ch’u Wang-sun. Chuang Chou as, 149–150
Chu Wu-nêng. See Chu Pa-chieh
Ch’ü Yüan. Statesman-poet; drowns himself in Mi-lo River, 152
Chu-ti, Prince. Founder of Peking, 228 sq.; son of Emperor Hung Wu, 228; and the sealed packet, 228, 229 sq.; begins to build city, 230; and the dragons, 232 sq. Page 432
Chuang Chou. See Chuang Tzŭ