The 2003 CIA World Factbook

Independence:
  24 October 1964 (from UK)

National holiday:
  Independence Day, 24 October (1964)

Constitution:
  2 August 1991

Legal system:
  based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of
  legislative acts in an ad hoc constitutional council; has not
  accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal

Executive branch:
  chief of state: President Levy MWANAWASA (since 2 January 2002);
  Vice President Nevers MUMBA (since May 2003); note - the president
  is both the chief of state and head of government
  head of government: President Levy MWANAWASA (since 2 January 2002);
  Vice President Nevers MUMBA (since May 2003); note - the president
  is both the chief of state and head of government
  cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members
  of the National Assembly
  elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;
  election last held 27 December 2001 (next to be held NA December
  2006); vice president appointed by the president
  election results: Levy MWANAWASA elected president; percent of vote
  - Levy MWANAWASA 29%, Anderson MAZOKA 27%, Christon TEMBO 13%,
  Tilyenji KAUNDA 10%, Godfrey MIYANDA 8%, Benjamin MWILA 5%, Michael
  SATA 3%, other 5%

Legislative branch:
  unicameral National Assembly (150 seats; members are elected by
  popular vote to serve five-year terms)
  elections: last held 27 December 2001 (next to be held NA December
  2006)
  election results: percent of vote by party - MMD 45.9%, UPND 32.4%,
  UNIP 8.8%, FDD 8.1%, HP 2.7%, PF 0.7%, ZRP 0.7%, independents 0.7%;
  seats by party - MMD 68, UPND 48, UNIP 13, FDD 12, HP 4, PF 1, ZRP
  1, independents 1; seats not determined 2

Judicial branch:
  Supreme Court (the final court of appeal; justices are appointed by
  the president); High Court (has unlimited jurisdiction to hear civil
  and criminal cases)

Political parties and leaders:
  Agenda for Zambia or AZ [Inonge MBIKUSITA-LEWANIKA]; Forum for
  Democracy and Development or FDD [Christon TEMBO]; Heritage Party or
  HP [Godfrey MIYANDA]; Liberal Progressive Front or LPF [Roger
  CHONGWE, president]; Movement for Multiparty Democracy or MMD [Levy
  MWANAWASA, acting president]; National Leadership for Development or
  NLD [Yobert SHAMAPANDE]; National Party or NP [Dr. Sam CHIPUNGU];
  Patriotic Front or PF [Michael SATA]; Zambian Republican Party or
  ZRP [Benjamin MWILA]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Gwendoline
  KONIE]; United National Independence Party or UNIP [Francis NKHOMA,
  president]; United Party for National Development or UPND [Anderson
  MAZOKA]

Political pressure groups and leaders:
  NA

International organization participation:
  ACP, AfDB, C, ECA, FAO, G-19, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU,
  ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU,
  MONUC, NAM, OAU, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO,
  UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

Diplomatic representation in the US:
  chief of mission: Ambassador Inonge MBIKUSITA-LEWANIKA
  FAX: [1] (202) 332-0826
  telephone: [1] (202) 265-9717 through 9719
  chancery: 2419 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Martin George BRENNAN embassy: corner of Independence and United Nations Avenues mailing address: P. O. Box 31617, Lusaka telephone: [260] (1) 250-955 FAX: [260] (1) 252-225

Flag description:
  green with a panel of three vertical bands of red (hoist side),
  black, and orange below a soaring orange eagle, on the outer edge of
  the flag

Economy Zambia

Economy - overview:
  Despite progress in privatization and budgetary reform, Zambia's
  economic growth remains below the 5% to 7% necessary to reduce
  poverty significantly. Privatization of government-owned copper
  mines relieved the government from covering mammoth losses generated
  by the industry and greatly improved the chances for copper mining
  to return to profitability and spur economic growth. However, low
  mineral prices have slowed the benefits of privatizing the mines and
  have reduced incentives for further private investment in the
  sector. Cooperation continues with international bodies on programs
  to reduce poverty.

GDP:
  purchasing power parity - $8.24 billion (2002 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:
  2.3% (2002 est.)

GDP - per capita:
  purchasing power parity - $800 (2002 est.)

GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 22% industry: 26% services: 52% (2001)

Population below poverty line: 86% (1993)

Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 1.1% highest 10%: 41% (1998)

Distribution of family income - Gini index:
  52.6 (1998)

Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  21% (2002 est.)

Labor force:
  4.29 million (2000)

Labor force - by occupation:
  agriculture 85%, industry 6%, services 9%

Unemployment rate:
  50% (2000 est.)

Budget:
  revenues: $1.2 billion
  expenditures: $1.25 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
  (2001 est.)

Industries:
  copper mining and processing, construction, foodstuffs, beverages,
  chemicals, textiles, fertilizer, horticulture

Industrial production growth rate:
  5.1% (2001 est.)

Electricity - production:
  7.751 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 0.5% hydro: 99.5% other: 0% (2001) nuclear: 0%

Electricity - consumption:
  5.458 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - exports:
  1.75 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - imports:
  0 kWh (2001)

Oil - production:
  0 bbl/day (2001 est.)

Oil - consumption:
  11,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)

Oil - exports:
  NA (2001)

Oil - imports:
  NA (2001)

Agriculture - products:
  corn, sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower seed, vegetables, flowers,
  tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca); cattle, goats, pigs,
  poultry, milk, eggs, hides; coffee

Exports:
  $709 million f.o.b. (2001)

Exports - commodities:
  copper 55%, cobalt, electricity, tobacco, flowers, cotton

Exports - partners:
  Malawi 10.3%, Thailand 9.2%, Japan 9.1%, Saint Pierre and Miquelon
  9.1%, Taiwan 8.5%, South Africa 7.8%, Egypt 6.4%, China 6.3%,
  Netherlands 5.5%, Tanzania 4.5% (2002)

Imports:
  $1.123 billion f.o.b. (2001)

Imports - commodities:
  machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products,
  electricity, fertilizer; foodstuffs, clothing

Imports - partners:
  South Africa 64.4%, US 3.7%, China 3.6% (2002)

Debt - external:
  $5.8 billion (2001)

Economic aid - recipient:
  $651 million (2000 est.)

Currency:
  Zambian kwacha (ZMK)

Currency code:
  ZMK

Exchange rates:
  Zambian kwacha per US dollar - NA (2002), 3,610.93 (2001), 3,110.84
  (2000), 2,388.02 (1999), 1,862.07 (1998)

Fiscal year:
  calendar year

Communications Zambia

Telephones - main lines in use: 130,000 (including approximately 40,000 fixed telephones in wireless local loop connections) (2002)

Telephones - mobile cellular:
  90,000 (2002)

Telephone system:
  general assessment: facilities are aging but still among the best
  in Sub-Saharan Africa
  domestic: high-capacity microwave radio relay connects most larger
  towns and cities; several cellular telephone services in operation;
  Internet service is widely available; very small aperture terminal
  (VSAT) networks are operated by private firms
  international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean
  and 1 Atlantic Ocean)

Radio broadcast stations:
  AM 19, FM 5, shortwave 4 (2001)

Radios:
  1.2 million (2001)

Television broadcast stations:
  9 (2002)

Televisions:
  277,000 (1997)

Internet country code:
  .zm

Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
  5 (2001)

Internet users:
  25,000 (2002)

Transportation Zambia

Railways:
  total: 2,173 km
  narrow gauge: 2,173 km 1.067-m gauge
  note: includes 891 km of the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority
  (TAZARA) (2002)

Highways: total: 66,781 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (1999 est.)

Waterways: 2,250 km note: includes Lake Tanganyika and the Zambezi and Luapula rivers

Pipelines:
  oil 771 km (2003)

Ports and harbors:
  Mpulungu

Airports:
  109 (2002)

Airports - with paved runways: total: 11 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2002)

Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 98 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 63 under 914 m: 30 (2002)

Military Zambia

Military branches:
  Army, Air Force, Police, paramilitary forces

Military manpower - availability:
  males age 15-49: 2,418,776 (2003 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service:
  males age 15-49: 1,279,846 (2003 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure:
  $33.46 million (FY02)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
  0.9% (FY02)

Transnational Issues Zambia

Disputes - international:
  dormant dispute remains where Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, and
  Zimbabwe boundaries converge

Illicit drugs:
  transshipment point for moderate amounts of methaqualone, small
  amounts of heroin, and cocaine bound for Southern Africa and
  possibly Europe; a poorly developed financial infrastructure coupled
  with a government commitment to combating money laundering make it
  an unattractive venue for money launderers

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

======================================================================

@Zimbabwe

Introduction Zimbabwe

Background:
  The UK annexed Southern Rhodesia from the South Africa Company in
  1923. A 1961 constitution was formulated that favored whites in
  power. In 1965 the government unilaterally declared its
  independence, but the UK did not recognize the act and demanded more
  complete voting rights for the black African majority in the country
  (then called Rhodesia). UN sanctions and a guerrilla uprising
  finally led to free elections in 1979 and independence (as Zimbabwe)
  in 1980. Robert MUGABE, the nation's first prime minister, has been
  the country's only ruler (as president since 1987) and has dominated
  the country's political system since independence. His chaotic land
  redistribution campaign begun in 2000 caused an exodus of white
  farmers, crippled the economy, and ushered in widespread shortages
  of basic commodities. Ignoring international condemnation, MUGABE
  rigged the 2002 presidential election to ensure his reelection.
  Opposition and labor groups launched general strikes in 2003 to
  pressure MUGABE to retire early; security forces continued their
  brutal repression of regime opponents.

Geography Zimbabwe

Location:
  Southern Africa, between South Africa and Zambia

Geographic coordinates:
  20 00 S, 30 00 E

Map references:
  Africa

Area:
  total: 390,580 sq km
  water: 3,910 sq km
  land: 386,670 sq km

Area - comparative:
  slightly larger than Montana

Land boundaries:
  total: 3,066 km
  border countries: Botswana 813 km, Mozambique 1,231 km, South Africa
  225 km, Zambia 797 km

Coastline:
  0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims:
  none (landlocked)

Climate:
  tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November to March)

Terrain:
  mostly high plateau with higher central plateau (high veld);
  mountains in east

Elevation extremes:
  lowest point: junction of the Runde and Save rivers 162 m
  highest point: Inyangani 2,592 m

Natural resources:
  coal, chromium ore, asbestos, gold, nickel, copper, iron ore,
  vanadium, lithium, tin, platinum group metals

Land use: arable land: 8.4% permanent crops: 0.34% other: 91.26% (1998 est.)

Irrigated land:
  1,170 sq km (1998 est.)

Natural hazards:
  recurring droughts; floods and severe storms are rare

Environment - current issues: deforestation; soil erosion; land degradation; air and water pollution; the black rhinoceros herd - once the largest concentration of the species in the world - has been significantly reduced by poaching; poor mining practices have led to toxic waste and heavy metal pollution

Environment - international agreements:
  party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered
  Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
  signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geography - note:
  landlocked; the Zambezi forms a natural riverine boundary with
  Zambia; in full flood (February-April) the massive Victoria Falls on
  the river forms the world's largest curtain of falling water

People Zimbabwe

Population:
  12,576,742
  note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
  effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
  life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
  population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
  population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
  2003 est.)

Age structure:
  0-14 years: 39.7% (male 2,517,608; female 2,471,342)
  15-64 years: 56.8% (male 3,600,832; female 3,542,497)
  65 years and over: 3.5% (male 224,631; female 219,832) (2003 est.)

Median age:
  total: 18.9 years
  female: 18.9 years (2002)
  male: 18.9 years

Population growth rate:
  0.83% (2003 est.)

Birth rate:
  30.34 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Death rate:
  22.02 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Net migration rate:
  NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population
  note: there is an increasing flow of Zimbabweans into South Africa
  and Botswana in search of better economic opportunities (2003 est.)

Sex ratio:
  at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
  under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
  15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
  65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female
  total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2003 est.)

Infant mortality rate:
  total: 66.47 deaths/1,000 live births
  female: 63.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
  male: 69.17 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth:
  total population: 39.01 years
  male: 40.09 years
  female: 37.89 years (2003 est.)

Total fertility rate:
  3.66 children born/woman (2003 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
  33.7% (2001 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
  2.3 million (2001 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
  200,000 (2001 est.)

Nationality:
  noun: Zimbabwean(s)
  adjective: Zimbabwean

Ethnic groups:
  African 98% (Shona 82%, Ndebele 14%, other 2%), mixed and Asian 1%,
  white less than 1%

Religions:
  syncretic (part Christian, part indigenous beliefs) 50%, Christian
  25%, indigenous beliefs 24%, Muslim and other 1%

Languages:
  English (official), Shona, Sindebele (the language of the Ndebele,
  sometimes called Ndebele), numerous but minor tribal dialects

Literacy:
  definition: age 15 and over can read and write English
  total population: 90.7%
  male: 94.2%
  female: 87.2% (2003 est.)

Government Zimbabwe

Country name:
  conventional long form: Republic of Zimbabwe
  conventional short form: Zimbabwe
  former: Southern Rhodesia, Rhodesia

Government type:
  parliamentary democracy

Capital:
  Harare

Administrative divisions:
  8 provinces and 2 cities* with provincial status; Bulawayo*,
  Harare*, Manicaland, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East,
  Mashonaland West, Masvingo, Matabeleland North, Matabeleland South,
  Midlands

Independence:
  18 April 1980 (from UK)

National holiday:
  Independence Day, 18 April (1980)

Constitution:
  21 December 1979

Legal system:
  mixture of Roman-Dutch and English common law

Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal

Executive branch:
  chief of state: Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE (since 31
  December 1987); Joseph MSIKA (since 23 December 1999); note - the
  president is both the chief of state and head of government
  head of government: Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE (since
  31 December 1987); Joseph MSIKA (since 23 December 1999); note - the
  president is both the chief of state and head of government
  cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president; responsible to the
  House of Assembly
  elections: presidential candidates nominated with a nomination paper
  signed by at least 10 registered voters (at least one from each
  province) and elected by popular vote; election last held 9-11 March
  2002 (next to be held NA March 2008); co-vice presidents appointed
  by the president
  election results: Robert Gabriel MUGABE reelected president; percent
  of vote - Robert Gabriel MUGABE 56.2%, Morgan TSVANGIRAI 41.9%

Legislative branch:
  unicameral House of Assembly (150 seats - 120 elected by popular
  vote for five-year terms, 12 nominated by the president, 10 occupied
  by traditional chiefs chosen by their peers, and 8 occupied by
  provincial governors appointed by the president)
  elections: last held 24-25 June 2000 (next to be held NA 2005)
  election results: percent of vote by party - ZANU-PF 48.6%, MDC
  47.0%, other 4.4%; seats by party - ZANU-PF 62, MDC 57, ZANU-Ndonga 1

Judicial branch:
  Supreme Court; High Court

Political parties and leaders:
  Movement for Democratic Change or MDC [Morgan TSVANGIRAI]; National
  Alliance for Good Governance or NAGG [Shakespeare MAYA]; United
  Parties [Abel MUZOREWA]; Zimbabwe African National Union-Ndonga or
  ZANU-Ndonga [Wilson KUMBULA]; Zimbabwe African National
  Union-Patriotic Front or ZANU-PF [Robert Gabriel MUGABE]; Zimbabwe
  African Peoples Union or ZAPU [Agrippa MADLELA]

Political pressure groups and leaders:
  National Constitutional Assembly or NCA [Lovemore MADHUKU]; Crisis
  in Zimbabwe Coalition [Brian KAGORO]; Zimbabwe Congress of Trade
  Unions or ZCTU [Lovemore MATOMBO]

International organization participation:
  ACP, AfDB, C, ECA, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt
  (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol,
  IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO,
  UNIDO, UNMIK, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

Diplomatic representation in the US:
  chief of mission: Ambassador Simbi Veke MUBAKO
  FAX: [1] (202) 483-9326
  telephone: [1] (202) 332-7100
  chancery: 1608 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009

Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph G. SULLIVAN embassy: 172 Herbert Chitepo Avenue, Harare mailing address: P. O. Box 3340, Harare telephone: [263] (4) 250-593 and 250-594 FAX: [263] (4) 796488

Flag description:
  seven equal horizontal bands of green, yellow, red, black, red,
  yellow, and green with a white isosceles triangle edged in black
  with its base on the hoist side; a yellow Zimbabwe bird representing
  the long history of the country is superimposed on a red
  five-pointed star in the center of the triangle, which symbolizes
  peace; green symbolizes agriculture, yellow - mineral wealth, red -
  blood shed to achieve independence, and black stands for the native
  people

Economy Zimbabwe

Economy - overview:
  The government of Zimbabwe faces a wide variety of difficult
  economic problems as it struggles with an unsustainable fiscal
  deficit, an overvalued exchange rate, soaring inflation, and bare
  shelves. Its 1998-2002 involvement in the war in the Democratic
  Republic of the Congo, for example, drained hundreds of millions of
  dollars from the economy. Badly needed support from the IMF has been
  suspended because of the country's failure to meet budgetary goals.
  Inflation rose from an annual rate of 32% in 1998 to 59% in 1999, to
  60% in 2000, to over 100% by yearend 2001, to 228% in early 2003.
  The government's land reform program, characterized by chaos and
  violence, has nearly destroyed the commercial farming sector, the
  traditional source of exports and foreign exchange and the provider
  of 400,000 jobs.

GDP:
  purchasing power parity - $26.07 billion (2002 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:
  -13% (2002 est.)

GDP - per capita:
  purchasing power parity - $2,100 (2002 est.)

GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 18% industry: 24% services: 58% (2001)

Population below poverty line: 70% (2002 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 1.97% highest 10%: 40.42% (1995)

Distribution of family income - Gini index:
  50.1 (1995)

Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  134.5% (2002 est.)

Labor force:
  5.8 million (2000 est.)

Labor force - by occupation:
  agriculture 66%, services 24%, industry 10% (1996)

Unemployment rate:
  70% (2002 est.)

Budget:
  revenues: $2.5 billion
  expenditures: $2.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
  (2000)

Industries:
  mining (coal, gold, copper, nickel, tin, clay, numerous metallic
  and nonmetallic ores), steel, wood products, cement, chemicals,
  fertilizer, clothing and footwear, foodstuffs, beverages

Industrial production growth rate:
  -3.1% (2002 est.)

Electricity - production:
  6.735 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 47% hydro: 53% other: 0% (2001) nuclear: 0%

Electricity - consumption:
  9.813 billion kWh (2001)

Electricity - exports:
  0 kWh (2001)

Electricity - imports:
  3.55 billion kWh (2001)

Oil - production:
  0 bbl/day (2001 est.)

Oil - consumption:
  23,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)

Oil - exports:
  NA (2001)

Oil - imports:
  NA (2001)

Agriculture - products: corn, cotton, tobacco, wheat, coffee, sugarcane, peanuts; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs

Exports:
  $1.57 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)

Exports - commodities:
  tobacco, gold, ferroalloys, textiles/clothing

Exports - partners:
  China 6%, South Africa 5.7%, Germany 5.4%, UK 4.8%, Japan 4.7%,
  Netherlands 4.4%, US 4.1% (2002)

Imports:
  $1.739 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)

Imports - commodities:
  machinery and transport equipment, other manufactures, chemicals,
  fuels

Imports - partners:
  South Africa 47.7%, Congo, Democratic Republic of the 5.7%,
  Mozambique 5.3% (2002)

Debt - external:
  $3.9 billion (2002 est.)

Economic aid - recipient:
  $178 million (2000 est.)

Currency:
  Zimbabwean dollar (ZWD)

Currency code:
  ZWD

Exchange rates:
  Zimbabwean dollars per US dollar - 55 (2002), 55.05 (2001), 44.42
  (2000), 38.3 (1999), 23.68 (1998)

Fiscal year:
  1 January - 31 December

Communications Zimbabwe

Telephones - main lines in use: 212,000 (in addition, there are about 20,000 fixed telephones in wireless local loop connections) (1997)

Telephones - mobile cellular:
  111,000 (2001)

Telephone system:
  general assessment: system was once one of the best in Africa, but
  now suffers from poor maintenance; more than 100,000 outstanding
  requests for connection despite an equally large number of installed
  but unused main lines
  domestic: consists of microwave radio relay links, open-wire lines,
  radiotelephone communication stations, fixed wireless local loop
  installations, and a substantial mobile cellular network; Internet
  connection is available in Harare and planned for all major towns
  and for some of the smaller ones
  international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat; two
  international digital gateway exchanges (in Harare and Gweru)

Radio broadcast stations:
  AM 7, FM 20 (plus 17 repeater stations), shortwave 1 (1998)

Radios:
  1.14 million (1997)

Television broadcast stations:
  16 (1997)

Televisions:
  370,000 (1997)

Internet country code:
  .zw

Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
  6 (2000)

Internet users:
  100,000 (2002)

Transportation Zimbabwe

Railways:
  total: 3,077 km
  narrow gauge: 3,077 km 1.067-m gauge (313 km electrified)
  note: includes the 318 km Bulawayo-Beitbridge Railway Company line
  (2002)

Highways:
  total: 18,338 km
  paved: 8,692 km
  unpaved: 9,646 km (1999 est.)

Waterways:
  chrome ore is transported from Harare - by way of the Mazoe River -
  to the Zambezi River in Mozambique

Pipelines:
  refined products 261 km (2003)

Ports and harbors:
  Binga, Kariba

Airports:
  430 (2002)

Airports - with paved runways: total: 17 over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 8 (2002)

Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 413 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 197 under 914 m: 212 (2002)

Military Zimbabwe

Military branches:
  Zimbabwe National Army, Air Force of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Republic
  Police (includes Police Support Unit, Paramilitary Police)

Military manpower - availability:
  males age 15-49: 3,236,042 (2003 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service:
  males age 15-49: 2,003,572 (2003 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure:
  $625.1 million (FY02)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
  3.2% (FY02)

Transnational Issues Zimbabwe

Disputes - international:
  dormant dispute remains where Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, and
  Zimbabwe boundaries converge

Illicit drugs:
  transit point for African cannabis and South Asian heroin, mandrax,
  and methamphetamines destined for the South African and European
  markets

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

======================================================================

@2001 GDP

Afghanistan
  purchasing power parity - $19 billion (2002 est.)

Albania
  purchasing power parity - $15.69 billion (2002 est.)

Algeria
  purchasing power parity - $173.8 billion (2002 est.)

American Samoa
  purchasing power parity - $500 million (2000 est.)

Andorra
  purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2000 est.)

Angola
  purchasing power parity - $18.36 billion (2002 est.)

Anguilla
  purchasing power parity - $104 million (2001 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda purchasing power parity - $750 million (2002 est.)

Argentina
  purchasing power parity - $403.8 billion (2002 est.)

Armenia
  purchasing power parity - $12.13 billion (2002 est.)

Aruba
  purchasing power parity - $1.94 billion (2002 est.)

Australia
  purchasing power parity - $525.5 billion (2002 est.)

Austria
  purchasing power parity - $227.7 billion (2002 est.)

Azerbaijan
  purchasing power parity - $28.61 billion (2002 est.)

Bahamas, The
  purchasing power parity - $4.59 billion (2002 est.)

Bahrain
  purchasing power parity - $9.91 billion (2002 est.)

Bangladesh
  purchasing power parity - $238.2 billion (2002 est.)

Barbados
  purchasing power parity - $4.153 billion (2002 est.)

Belarus
  purchasing power parity - $90.19 billion (2002 est.)

Belgium
  purchasing power parity - $299.7 billion (2002 est.)

Belize
  purchasing power parity - $1.28 billion (2002 est.)

Benin
  purchasing power parity - $7.38 billion (2002 est.)

Bermuda
  purchasing power parity - $2.25 billion (2002 est.)

Bhutan
  purchasing power parity - $2.7 billion (2002 est.)

Bolivia
  purchasing power parity - $21.15 billion (2002 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina purchasing power parity - $7.3 billion (2002 est.)

Botswana
  purchasing power parity - $13.48 billion (2002 est.)

Brazil
  purchasing power parity - $1.376 trillion (2002 est.)

British Virgin Islands purchasing power parity - $320 million (2002 est.)

Brunei
  purchasing power parity - $6.5 billion (2002 est.)

Bulgaria
  purchasing power parity - $49.23 billion (2002 est.)

Burkina Faso
  purchasing power parity - $14.51 billion (2002 est.)

Burma
  purchasing power parity - $73.69 billion (2002 est.)

Burundi
  purchasing power parity - $3.146 billion (2002 est.)

Cambodia
  purchasing power parity - $20.42 billion (2002 est.)

Cameroon
  purchasing power parity - $26.84 billion (2002 est.)

Canada
  purchasing power parity - $934.1 billion (2002 est.)

Cape Verde
  purchasing power parity - $600 million (2002 est.)

Cayman Islands
  purchasing power parity - $1.27 billion (2002 est.)

Central African Republic purchasing power parity - $4.296 billion (2002 est.)

Chad
  purchasing power parity - $9.297 billion (2002 est.)

Chile
  purchasing power parity - $156.1 billion (2002 est.)

China
  purchasing power parity - $5.989 trillion (2002 est.)

Christmas Island
  purchasing power parity - $NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
  purchasing power parity - $NA

Colombia
  purchasing power parity - $251.6 billion (2002 est.)

Comoros
  purchasing power parity - $441 million (2002 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
  purchasing power parity - $34
  billion (2002 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
  purchasing power parity - $2.5 billion (2002
  est.)

Cook Islands
  purchasing power parity - $105 million (2001 est.)

Costa Rica
  purchasing power parity - $32 billion (2002 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
  purchasing power parity - $24.03 billion (2002 est.)

Croatia
  purchasing power parity - $43.12 billion (2002 est.)

Cuba
  purchasing power parity - $30.69 billion (2002 est.)

Cyprus
  Greek Cypriot area: purchasing power parity - $9.4 billion
  (2001 est.); Turkish Cypriot area: purchasing power parity - $787
  million (2002 est.)

Czech Republic
  purchasing power parity - $157.1 billion (2002 est.)

Denmark
  purchasing power parity - $155.3 billion (2002 est.)

Djibouti
  purchasing power parity - $619 million (2002 est.)

Dominica
  purchasing power parity - $380 million (2002 est.)

Dominican Republic purchasing power parity - $53.78 billion (2002 est.)

East Timor
  purchasing power parity - $440 million (2001 est.)

Ecuador
  purchasing power parity - $42.65 billion (2002 est.)

Egypt
  purchasing power parity - $289.8 billion (2002 est.)

El Salvador
  purchasing power parity - $29.41 billion (2002 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
  purchasing power parity - $1.27 billion (2002 est.)

Eritrea
  purchasing power parity - $3.3 billion (2002 est.)

Estonia
  purchasing power parity - $15.52 billion (2002 est.)

Ethiopia
  purchasing power parity - $48.53 billion (2002 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)

Faroe Islands
  purchasing power parity - $1 billion (2001 est.)

Fiji
  purchasing power parity - $4.822 billion (2002 est.)

Finland
  purchasing power parity - $133.8 billion (2002 est.)

France
  purchasing power parity - $1.558 trillion (2002 est.)

French Guiana
  purchasing power parity - $2.26 billion (2002 est.)

French Polynesia
  purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2001 est.)

Gabon
  purchasing power parity - $8.354 billion (2002 est.)

Gambia, The
  purchasing power parity - $2.582 billion (2002 est.)

Gaza Strip
  purchasing power parity - $735 million (2002 est.)

Georgia
  purchasing power parity - $16.05 billion (2002 est.)

Germany
  purchasing power parity - $2.16 trillion (2002 est.)

Ghana
  purchasing power parity - $41.25 billion (2002 est.)

Gibraltar
  purchasing power parity - $500 million (1997 est.)

Greece
  purchasing power parity - $203.3 billion (2002 est.)

Greenland
  purchasing power parity - $1.1 billion (2001 est.)

Grenada
  purchasing power parity - $440 million (2002 est.)

Guadeloupe
  purchasing power parity - $3.7 billion (1997 est.)

Guam
  purchasing power parity - $3.2 billion (2000 est.)

Guatemala
  purchasing power parity - $53.2 billion (2002 est.)

Guernsey
  purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (1999 est.)

Guinea
  purchasing power parity - $18.69 billion (2002 est.)

Guinea-Bissau
  purchasing power parity - $901.4 million (2002 est.)

Guyana
  purchasing power parity - $2.628 billion (2002 est.)

Haiti
  purchasing power parity - $10.6 billion (2002 est.)

Honduras
  purchasing power parity - $16.29 billion (2002 est.)

Hong Kong
  purchasing power parity - $198.5 billion (2002 est.)

Hungary
  purchasing power parity - $134 billion (2002 est.)

Iceland
  purchasing power parity - $8.444 billion (2002 est.)

India
  purchasing power parity - $2.664 trillion (2002 est.)

Indonesia
  purchasing power parity - $714.2 billion (2002 est.)

Iran
  purchasing power parity - $458.3 billion (2002 est.)

Iraq
  purchasing power parity - $58 billion (2002 est.)

Ireland
  purchasing power parity - $113.7 billion (2002 est.)

Israel
  purchasing power parity - $117.4 billion (2002 est.)

Italy
  purchasing power parity - $1.455 trillion (2002 est.)

Jamaica
  purchasing power parity - $10.08 billion (2002 est.)

Japan
  purchasing power parity - $3.651 trillion (2002 est.)

Jersey
  purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (1999 est.)

Jordan
  purchasing power parity - $22.63 billion (2002 est.)

Kazakhstan
  purchasing power parity - $120 billion (2002 est.)

Kenya
  purchasing power parity - $32.89 billion (2002 est.)

Kiribati
  purchasing power parity - $79 million - supplemented by a
  nearly equal amount from external sources (2001 est.)

Korea, North
  purchasing power parity - $22.26 billion (2002 est.)

Korea, South
  purchasing power parity - $941.5 billion (2002 est.)

Kuwait
  purchasing power parity - $36.85 billion (2002 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
  purchasing power parity - $13.88 billion (2002 est.)

Laos
  purchasing power parity - $10.4 billion (2002 est.)

Latvia
  purchasing power parity - $20.99 billion (2002 est.)

Lebanon
  purchasing power parity - $17.61 billion (2002 est.)

Lesotho
  purchasing power parity - $5.106 billion (2002 est.)

Liberia
  purchasing power parity - $3.116 billion (2002 est.)

Libya
  purchasing power parity - $33.36 billion (2002 est.)

Liechtenstein
  purchasing power parity - $825 million (1999 est.)

Lithuania
  purchasing power parity - $30.08 billion (2002 est.)

Luxembourg
  purchasing power parity - $21.94 billion (2002 est.)

Macau
  purchasing power parity - $8.6 billion (2002 est.)

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of purchasing power parity - $10.57 billion (2002 est.)

Madagascar
  purchasing power parity - $12.59 billion (2002)

Malawi
  purchasing power parity - $6.811 billion (2002 est.)

Malaysia
  purchasing power parity - $198.4 billion (2002 est.)

Maldives
  purchasing power parity - $1.25 billion (2002 est.)

Mali
  purchasing power parity - $9.775 billion (2002 est.)

Malta
  purchasing power parity - $6.818 billion (2002 est.)

Man, Isle of
  purchasing power parity - $1.6 billion (2001 est.)

Marshall Islands
  purchasing power parity - $115 million (2001 est.)

Martinique
  purchasing power parity - $4.5 billion (2001 est.)

Mauritania
  purchasing power parity - $4.891 billion (2002 est.)

Mauritius
  purchasing power parity - $12.15 billion (2002 est.)

Mayotte
  purchasing power parity - $85 million (1998 est.)

Mexico
  purchasing power parity - $924.4 billion (2002 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
  purchasing power parity - $277
  million
  note: $277 million $277 million GDP is supplemented by grant aid,
  averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2002 est.)

Moldova
  purchasing power parity - $11.51 billion (2002 est.)

Monaco
  purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.)

Mongolia
  purchasing power parity - $5.06 billion (2002 est.)

Montserrat
  purchasing power parity - $29 million (2002 est.)

Morocco
  purchasing power parity - $121.8 billion (2002 est.)

Mozambique
  purchasing power parity - $19.52 billion (2002 est.)

Namibia
  purchasing power parity - $13.15 billion (2002 est.)

Nauru
  purchasing power parity - $60 million (2001 est.)

Nepal
  purchasing power parity - $37.32 billion (2002 est.)

Netherlands
  purchasing power parity - $437.8 billion (2002 est.)

Netherlands Antilles purchasing power parity - $2.4 billion (2002 est.)

New Caledonia
  purchasing power parity - $3 billion (2002 est.)

New Zealand
  purchasing power parity - $78.4 billion (2002 est.)

Nicaragua
  purchasing power parity - $11.16 billion (2002 est.)

Niger
  purchasing power parity - $8.713 billion (2002 est.)

Nigeria
  purchasing power parity - $112.5 billion (2002 est.)

Niue
  purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.)

Norfolk Island
  purchasing power parity - $NA

Northern Mariana Islands purchasing power parity - $900 million note: $900 million $900 million GDP estimate includes US subsidy (2000 est.)

Norway
  purchasing power parity - $149.1 billion (2002 est.)

Oman
  purchasing power parity - $22.4 billion (2002 est.)

Pakistan
  purchasing power parity - $295.3 billion (2002 est.)

Palau
  purchasing power parity - $174 million
  note: $174 million $174 million GDP estimate includes US subsidy
  (2001 est.)

Panama
  purchasing power parity - $18.06 billion (2002 est.)

Papua New Guinea
  purchasing power parity - $10.86 billion (2002 est.)

Paraguay
  purchasing power parity - $25.19 billion (2002 est.)

Peru
  purchasing power parity - $138.8 billion (2002 est.)

Philippines
  purchasing power parity - $379.7 billion (2002 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
  purchasing power parity - $NA

Poland
  purchasing power parity - $373.2 billion (2002 est.)

Portugal
  purchasing power parity - $195.2 billion (2002 est.)

Puerto Rico
  purchasing power parity - $43.01 billion (2002 est.)

Qatar
  purchasing power parity - $15.91 billion (2002 est.)

Reunion
  purchasing power parity - $4.174 billion (1999 est.)

Romania
  purchasing power parity - $169.3 billion (2002 est.)

Russia
  purchasing power parity - $1.409 trillion (2002 est.)

Rwanda
  purchasing power parity - $8.92 billion (2002 est.)

Saint Helena
  purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis purchasing power parity - $339 million (2002 est.)

Saint Lucia purchasing power parity - $866 million (2002 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon purchasing power parity - $74 million - supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (1996 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines purchasing power parity - $339 million (2002 est.)

Samoa
  purchasing power parity - $1 billion (2002 est.)

San Marino
  purchasing power parity - $940 million (2001 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe purchasing power parity - $200 million (2002 est.)

Saudi Arabia
  purchasing power parity - $268.9 billion (2002 est.)

Senegal
  purchasing power parity - $15.64 billion (2002 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro purchasing power parity - $23.15 billion (2002 est.)

Seychelles
  purchasing power parity - $626 million (2002 est.)

Sierra Leone
  purchasing power parity - $2.826 billion (2002 est.)

Singapore
  purchasing power parity - $112.4 billion (2002 est.)

Slovakia
  purchasing power parity - $67.34 billion (2002 est.)

Slovenia
  purchasing power parity - $37.06 billion (2002 est.)

Solomon Islands
  purchasing power parity - $800 million (2001 est.)

Somalia
  purchasing power parity - $4.27 billion (2001 est.)

South Africa
  purchasing power parity - $427.7 billion (2002 est.)

Spain
  purchasing power parity - $850.7 billion (2002 est.)

Sri Lanka
  purchasing power parity - $73.7 billion (2002 est.)

Sudan
  purchasing power parity - $52.9 billion (2002 est.)

Suriname
  purchasing power parity - $1.469 billion (2002 est.)

Svalbard
  purchasing power parity - $NA

Swaziland
  purchasing power parity - $5.542 billion (2002 est.)

Sweden
  purchasing power parity - $230.7 billion (2002 est.)

Switzerland
  purchasing power parity - $233.4 billion (2002 est.)

Syria
  purchasing power parity - $63.48 billion (2002 est.)

Taiwan
  purchasing power parity - $406 billion (2002 est.)

Tajikistan
  purchasing power parity - $8.476 billion (2002 est.)

Tanzania
  purchasing power parity - $20.42 billion (2002 est.)

Thailand
  purchasing power parity - $445.8 billion (2002 est.)

Togo
  purchasing power parity - $7.594 billion (2002 est.)

Tokelau
  purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.)

Tonga
  purchasing power parity - $236 million (2001 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago purchasing power parity - $11.07 billion (2002 est.)

Tunisia
  purchasing power parity - $67.13 billion (2002 est.)

Turkey
  purchasing power parity - $489.7 billion (2002 est.)

Turkmenistan
  purchasing power parity - $31.34 billion (2002 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands purchasing power parity - $231 million (2000 est.)

Tuvalu
  purchasing power parity - $12.2 million (2000 est.)

Uganda
  purchasing power parity - $30.49 billion (2002 est.)

Ukraine
  purchasing power parity - $218 billion (2002 est.)

United Arab Emirates purchasing power parity - $53.97 billion (2002 est.)

United Kingdom
  purchasing power parity - $1.528 trillion (2002 est.)

United States
  purchasing power parity - $10.45 trillion (2002 est.)

Uruguay
  purchasing power parity - $26.82 billion (2002 est.)

Uzbekistan
  purchasing power parity - $66.06 billion (2002 est.)

Vanuatu
  purchasing power parity - $563 million (2002 est.)

Venezuela
  purchasing power parity - $131.7 billion (2002 est.)

Vietnam
  purchasing power parity - $183.8 billion (2002 est.)

Virgin Islands
  purchasing power parity - $2.4 billion (2001 est.)

Wallis and Futuna
  purchasing power parity - $30 million (2000 est.)

West Bank
  purchasing power parity - $1.7 billion (2002 est.)

Western Sahara
  purchasing power parity - $NA

World
  GWP (gross world product) - purchasing power parity - $49
  trillion (2002 est.)

Yemen
  purchasing power parity - $15.07 billion (2002 est.)

Zambia
  purchasing power parity - $8.24 billion (2002 est.)

Zimbabwe
  purchasing power parity - $26.07 billion (2002 est.)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

======================================================================

@2002 Population growth rate (%)

Afghanistan
  3.38%
  note: this rate does not take into consideration the recent war and
  its continuing impact (2003 est.)

Albania
  1.03% (2003 est.)

Algeria
  1.65% (2003 est.)

American Samoa
  2.22% (2003 est.)

Andorra
  1.06% (2003 est.)

Angola
  1.97% (2003 est.)

Anguilla
  2.21% (2003 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda
  0.64% (2003 est.)

Argentina
  1.05% (2003 est.)

Armenia
  -0.07% (2003 est.)

Aruba
  0.55% (2003 est.)

Australia
  0.93% (2003 est.)

Austria
  0.22% (2003 est.)

Azerbaijan
  0.44% (2003 est.)

Bahamas, The
  0.77% (2003 est.)

Bahrain
  1.61% (2003 est.)

Bangladesh
  2.06% (2003 est.)

Barbados
  0.38% (2003 est.)

Belarus
  -0.12% (2003 est.)

Belgium
  0.14% (2003 est.)

Belize
  2.44% (2003 est.)

Benin
  2.95% (2003 est.)

Bermuda
  0.72% (2003 est.)

Bhutan
  2.14% (2003 est.)

Bolivia
  1.63% (2003 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
  0.48% (2003 est.)

Botswana
  -0.55% (2003 est.)

Brazil
  1.15% (2003 est.)

British Virgin Islands
  2.1% (2003 est.)

Brunei
  2% (2003 est.)

Bulgaria
  -1.09% (2003 est.)

Burkina Faso
  2.6% (2003 est.)

Burma
  0.52% (2003 est.)

Burundi
  2.18% (2003 est.)

Cambodia
  1.8% (2003 est.)

Cameroon
  2.02% (2003 est.)

Canada
  0.94% (2003 est.)

Cape Verde
  0.79% (2003 est.)

Cayman Islands
  2.79% (2003 est.)

Central African Republic
  1.62% (2003 est.)

Chad
  3.07% (2003 est.)

Chile
  1.05% (2003 est.)

China
  0.6% (2003 est.)

Christmas Island
  -9% (2003 est.)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
  0% (2003 est.)

Colombia
  1.56% (2003 est.)

Comoros
  2.96% (2003 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
  2.9% (2003 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
  1.53% (2003 est.)

Cook Islands
  NA% (2003 est.)

Costa Rica
  1.56% (2003 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
  2.15% (2003 est.)

Croatia
  0.31% (2003 est.)

Cuba
  0.34% (2003 est.)