INDEX.

⁂ The Roman numerals refer to the sections, the Arabic figures to the pages.

• Æschines, a rhetorician, vii. 80.
• calumniated, iii. 79.
• lectured at Athens, iv. 80.
• son of a sausage seller, i. 79.
• Alcmæon, Crotona, his view of the soul, 371.
• Anacharsis, inventions of, ii. 48.
• letter to Crœsus, 49.
• received by Solon, iii. 47.
• return to Scythia, iv. 47.
• sayings of, v. 47.
• one of the wise, 46.
• Anaxagoras, called Mind, i. 59.
• epigrams on, x. 62.
• first prose writer, viii. 61.
• opinions of, iii. 59.
• prosecuted for impiety, ix. 61.
• Anaxarchus, called Happy, iii. 401.
• intimate with Alexander, 400.
• Nicocreon, his enemy, 401.
• Anaximander, the astronomer, 57.
• Anaximenes, letters to Pythagoras, 58.
• Annicereans, their opinions, x. 92.
• Antisthenes, doctrines of, v. 220.
• founds a manly Stoic school, viii. 221.
• love of life, x. 223.
• pupil of Gorgias, ii. 217.
• sayings of, iv. 218.
• writings of, ix. 222.
• Arcesilaus, a favourite of Eumenes and Hierocles, xiv. 168.
• an admirer of Plato, viii. 165.
• a poet, iv. 164.
• axiomatic and free-spoken, x. 165.
• death from excess, x. 170.
• disliked talkativeness, 166.
• founder of the Middle Academy, ii. 163.
• goes to Crantor, iii. 163.
• letter to Thaumasias, xix. 170.
• liberal with money, xiii. 167.
• vices of, xvi. 168.
• Archelaus, 62.
• a natural philosopher, ii. 62.
• opinions on heat and cold, &c. iii. 63.
• —— production of animals, iii. 63.
• Archytas, general at Tarentum, 369.
• letter to Plato and reply, iv. 369.
• mathematician, vii. 370.
• Aristippus, a favourite of Dionysius, iii. 81.
• opinions of, on pain and pleasure, 90.
• retorts, iv. 82.
• school of philosophy, viii. 89.
• sycophancy, iv. 82.
• teaches for money, ii. 81.
• wealth, iv. 82.
• writings, vi. 88.
• Ariston, the bald, called Siren, i. 318.
• an eloquent philosopher, vi. 319.
• his writings, vii. 319.
• Aristotle, apophthegms, xi. 187.
• death from poison, vii. 182.
• hymn to Hermias, 183.
• leaves Plato, iv. 181.
• lived in Philip’s court, vi. 182.
• opinions, criterion of truth, 192.
• —— friendship, 192.
• —— God, 193.
• —— philosophy, 191.
• Plato’s most eminent pupil, ii. 181.
• peripatetic, why so called, iv. 181.
• scheme for early waking, x. 186.
• school at Athens, vii. 182.
• will of, ix. 185.
• writings, many, xii. 189.
• Bias, the wise, 38.
• declines the tripod, i. 38.
• death of, in court, iv. 39.
• eloquent and just as a lawyer, iii. 39.
• a poet, v. 39.
• sayings of, v. 39.
• stratagem to save Priene, his native city, ii. 39.
• Bion, apophthegms of, iii. 172.
• change of schools, iv. 173.
• fear of death, x. 175.
• fond of theatre, v. 174.
• poverty of, i. 171.
• selfishness of, ix. 174.
• Carneades, his letters, viii. 178.
• well read in Stoic lore, ii. 177.
• industry of, iii. 178.
• his fear of death, vii. 178.
• Cebes, the Theban, 105.
• Charondas, account of, note, 345.
• Chilo, the wise one of, 32.
• brief in speech, v. 34.
• death of, through joy, v. 34.
• letter to Periander, v. 34.
• opinion as to Cythera, iv. 33.
• saying about suretyship, v. 34.
• sayings of, ii. 33.
• Chrysippus, his abilities, ii. 327.
• his books, xii. 331.
• his industry, iii. 328.
• his questions, xi. 330.
• a pupil of Cleanthes, i. 327.
• his self-esteem, iv. 329.
• said to be an indecent writer, xii. 331.
• Cleanthes, a boxer, 322.
• books of, ii. 325.
• called an ass, iv. 323.
• poor and industrious, ii. 322.
• slow of intellect, iii. 323.
• starved himself, vii. 326.
• wrote on oyster shells, &c. for want of paper, iv. 323.
• Cleobulus, one of the wise men, 41.
• apophthegms of, iv. 42.
• letter to Solon, vi. 43.
• Clitomachus, disciple and successor of Carneades, 179.
• Crantor, a poet, vi. 162.
• a pupil of Polemo, iii. 161.
• retires to temple of Æsculapius, iv. 161.
• Crates, a pupil of Polemo, 160.
• lived with Crantor, iii. 160.
• writings of, and disciples, iv. 161.
• Crates, a Theban cynic, 249.
• his disposal of property, iv. 250.
• his jesting with death, x. 252.
• his indifference to public opinion, viii. 252.
• his sayings, ix. 282.
• Crito, the Athenian, 103.
• Cynics, doctrines of, iii. 257.
• discard liberal studies, 257.
• prefer ethics to logic, 257.
• simplicity in living, 258.
• virtue, the chief good, 258.
• —— may be taught, 258.
• Cyrenaics, a sect of the school of Aristippus, viii. 89.
• Demetrius, governor of Athens, ii. 209.
• honoured and envied, viii. 209.
• his reported blindness and restoration of sight, vii. 209.
• statues erected to him, ii. 209.
• sayings of, x. 211.
• writings of, ix. 210.
• Democritus, pupil of the magi, 390.
• death, xi. 390.
• disregard of glory, v. 391.
• —— of wealth, vii. 392.
• doctrines of, xii. 394.
• lowly life, vii. 392.
• Plato’s dislike of him, viii. 393.
• sagacity, stories of, x. 394.
• writings of, xiii. 395.
• Dialectics, the Stoics’ doctrine of, xxxv. 275.
• Diogenes, accounts of his death, xi. 246.
• anecdotes of him, vi. 228.
• cynical sayings, 226.
• lived in a cask, 225.
• money changer, 224.
• —— corrupted by him, i. 224.
• neglect of music, vii. 245.
• persuader, a skilful, x. 245.
• poverty of, reconciled to, iii. 224.
• pride and haughtiness of, iv. 225.
• pupil of Antisthenes, ii. 224.
• sold as a slave, ix. 245.
• writings of, xii. 247.
• Diogenes of Apollonia, 400.
• his chief doctrines, ii. 400.
• Dionysius, a pupil of Zeno, 321.
• writings of, v. 321.
• Druids, account of, note 3.
• Egyptian philosophy, vii. 9.
• Empedocles, accused of pride, xi. 366.
• doctrines of, xii. 368.
• inventor of rhetoric, iii. 361.
• liberality of, ix. 363.
• pacifies the Agrigentines, xi. 366.
• political career, ix. 363.
• retires to Peloponnesus, x. 364.
• story of his wonder working, xi. 365.
• why called, wind-forbidder, v. 362.
• Epicharmus, inscription on his statue, 368.
• Epicurus, an Athenian, 424.
• his character, v. 427.
• criteria of truth, 435.
• said to be debauched, iii. 426.
• rejected dialectics, 435.
• Diotimus, a Stoic, opposes him, iii. 425.
• doctrines, his, on affections, 447.
• —— atoms, 439.
• —— clouds, thunder, &c. 460.
• —— comets, 464.
• —— faults among men, 467.
• —— forms and attributes, 449.
• —— grief, 467.
• —— heaven’s phenomena, 452, 458.
• —— injuries among men, 466.
• —— meteorological, 461.
• —— opinion and supposition, 436.
• —— passions, pleasure, and pain, 436.
• —— pleasure, 471, 473.
• —— production of things, 441.
• —— self-production, 451.
• —— stars, 464.
• —— study of philosophy, 468.
• —— universe, 439.
• flattered Mithras, iii. 425.
• fundamental maxims of, xxxi. 474.
• letter of, to Herodotus, xxiv. 436.
• —— Menœceus, xxvii. 468.
• —— Pythocles, xxv. 455.
• manner of his death, ix. 429.
• plain language, his, viii. 428.
• pupils, his, xi. 431.
• virtue, why to be chosen, xxx. 473.
• voluminous writings, xvii. 483.
• will, his last, x. 429.
• writings on natural philosophy, iv. 426.
• youthful student, a, ix. 429.
• Epimenides, one of the wise men, 50.
• built a temple at Athens, vi. 52.
• honoured as a deity, xi. 53.
• letter to Solon, ix. 52.
• long life, his, story of, iv. 51.
• long sleep, his, story of, ii. 50.
• poems, and other writings, v. 51.
• stays the plague at Athens, iii. 51.
• Ethical philosophy, what, xiii. 12.
• subdivisions, xiii. 12.
• Euclides, his followers, iv. 97.
• opinions, ii. 97.
• protector of Socrates, i. 97.
• Eudoxus, astronomer, geometrician, and lawgiver, 373.
• inventor of theory of crooked lines, vi. 374.
• writings of, iii. 373.
• Fate, Stoics’ view of, lxxiv. 318.
• Gymnosophistæ, what and who, i. 3.
• God, Stoics’ view of, lxxii. 312.
• Hegesiaci, a sect of the school of Aristippus, their opinions, ix. 91.
• Heraclides, a Peripatetic, Pythagorean, and Platonist, by turns, ii. 213.
• remarkable attempt to deceive at his death, ii. 215.
• surnamed Pompicus from his dress and size, iii. 213.
• writings of, iv. 213.
• Heraclitus, book on nature, v. 377.
• epigrams on him, xii. 381.
• esteemed by Darius Hystaspes, letters between them, ix. 380.
• lofty and arrogant, 376.
• misanthropic, iii. 376.
• Hipparchia, a female philosopher, in love with Crates the Cynic, 254.
• Her contest with Theodorus, iii. 255.
• Hippasus, a disciple of Pythagoras, 371.
• Ionian school of philosophy, x. 10.
• Italian school of philosophy, x. 10.
• “Know thyself,” the apophthegm, xiii. 21.
• Lacydes, founder of the New Academy, i. 176.
• his death from excess, vi. 177.
• his industry, ii. 176.
• Leucippus, his chief doctrines, ii. 388.
• pupil of Zeno the Eleatic, 388.
• Lycon, an eloquent instructor of youth, i. 205.
• delicacy in dress, iii. 206.
• favourite of Eumenes and Attalus, iv. 206.
• his will, ix. 206.
• Magi, what and who, note, 3.
• Melissus, his doctrine of universe, 386.
• Menedemus, his banquets, xv. 110.
• his character, vi. 107.
• his death, xviii. 112.
• despised Plato, &c., xi. 109.
• disciple of Phædo, 105.
• endangered by his free speech, iv. 107.
• friend of Antigonus, xvii. 111.
• invention and readiness, xii. 109.
• regardlessness of appearances, v. 107.
• severe and rigid, iii. 106.
• sent to Megara, but deserts, ii. 105.
• thought highly of by his countrymen, xvi. 111.
• Menedemus, a superstitious Cynic, 267.
• Menippus, a Cynic, 253.
• hangs himself, iii. 256.
• writer of low ridicule, ii. 256.
• writings, vi. 256.
• Metrocles, pupil of Crates the Cynic, 253.
• destroys himself, 254.
• Mind, Stoics, doctrine of, lxxiii. 299.
• Monimus, feigned madness, i. 248.
• a pupil of Diogenes, 248.
• Myson, one of the wise men, 49.
• Natural philosophy, what so called, xiii. 11.
• Stoics’ account of, lxvii. 307.
• Orpheus, not a philosopher, iv. 7.
• Onesicritus, a pupil of Diogenes, 249.
• Parmenides, first to speak of the earth as a sphere, ii. 384.
• philosophized in poems, iii. 385.
• Periander, one of the wise men, his domestic crimes, 43.
• his letter to Procles, viii. 46.
• —— to the wise men, vii. 45.
• —— from Thrasybulus, ix. 46.
• sayings of, v. 45.
• wish to conceal his grave, iii. 44.
• Phædo, founder of the Eliac school, 96.
• Pherecydes, one of the wise men, 53.
• epigrams on, vii. 55.
• first writer on natural philosophy, ii. 54.
• grave of, at Ephesus, iv. 54.
• letter to Thales, viii. 56.
• makes a sun-dial, vi. 55.
• Philolaus, a pupil of Pythagoras, 372.
• aims at regal power, ii. 372.
• book, his one, iv. 372.
• first to describe the earth’s movement in a circle, iii. 372.
• Philosophers, names of their sects, xii. 11.
• who did not write, xi. 11.
• Philosophy, arose among Greeks, iii. 6.
• divisions of, xiii. 11.
• earliest study of, i. 3.
• two schools of, x. 10.
• various kinds of, xi. 11.
• Pisistratus, his letter to Solon, vi. 20.
• Pittacus, one of the wise men, 35.
• advice about marrying, viii. 37.
• death of, vi. 36.
• forbearance of, iii. 35.
• a general and soldier, i. 35.
• honoured by his country, ii. 35.
• lameness of, ix. 38.
• letter to Crœsus, x. 38.
• a poet, v. 36.
• sayings of, iv. 36.
• Plato, academy, his, ix. 115.
• account of his opinions, by Alcimus, 117.
• aided by Epicharmus, a comic poet, xii. 116.
• attachments, xxiii. 123.
• —— to writings of Sophron, 119.
• birth and early abode, ii. 113.
• danger from Dionysius, xv. 120.
• defends Chabrias, xviii. 121.
• descent of, i. 113.
• dialogues of, xxxv. 133.
• disciples of, xxxi. 129.
• disliked Aristippus, 126.
• disliked by Xenophon, xxiv. 125.
• education, his, v. 114.
• epigrams on his tomb, 128.
• epistles, his, xxxvi. 134.
• marks in his books, xxxix. 136.
• method of his argument, xxxii. 129.
• opinions on arts, beauty, 144.
• beneficence, 146.
• contraries, 149.
• discourse, 143.
• entities divisible and undivisible, 150.
• —— independent and relative, 150.
• end of affairs, 146.
• friendships, 141.
• God and matter, 137.
• good and evil, 140.
• good counsel, 150.
• good laws and lawlessness, 148.
• the good, 148.
• good things, 149.
• happiness, 147.
• justice, 142.
• knowledge, 142.
• law, 143.
• medical science, 143.
• music, 143.
• noble birth, 144.
• philanthropy, 147.
• political constitutions, 141.
• power, 147.
• rhetoric, 145.
• rule, 145.
• the soul, 144.
• things existing, 148.
• virtue perfect, 144.
• voice, 150.
• opinions on his writings, xxv. 126.
• refuses appointments from Arcadia and Thebes, xvii. 121.
• ridiculed, xxii. 121.
• Socrates’ dream of him, vii. 114.
• system, his, made difficult on purpose, xxxviii. 135.
• theory of ideas, 118.
• valiant soldier, a, x. 115.
• visits Sicily, volcanoes, xiv. 119.
• what he taught, xix. 122.
• where he first taught, viii. 114.
• will, his last, xxx. 127.
• Polemo, his calmness, iv. 158.
• epigram, viii. 160.
• fond, of Sophocles, vii. 159.
• imitated Xenocrates, vi. 159.
• intemperate and profligate, 158.
• much honoured, iv. 158.
• rigorous system of morals, iv. 158.
• Potamo and his school, xiv. 13.
• Potter’s wheel, invented by Anacharsis, viii. 48.
• Protagoras, method of arguing, his, iii. 397.
• taught at a fixed price, 398.
• works, his, v. 398.
• wrecked in his way to Sicily, vii. 399.
• Pyrrho, originally a painter, 402.
• account of him, by Antigonus, 402.
• arguing, ten modes of, ix. 409.
• arguing, five others added by Agrippa, x. 412.
• attached to Anaxarchus, ii. 402.
• certainty not attainable, 414.
• disciples, vii. 405.
• —— called Sceptics from their doubting every thing, viii. 405.
• eloquent, 403.
• fortitude and economy, vi. 404.
• good, natural, or natural evil, none, 417.
• honoured by his country, 403.
• impassiveness, vi. 404.
• learning, no such thing, 417.
• left no writings, 418.
• motion, none, 417.
• production, none, 417.
• signs, invisible of visible things, 416.
• signs, visible of visible things, none, 415.
• system learned from his disciples, 418.
• travelled to India, 402.
• Pythagoras, accounted a son of Mercury, iv. 339.
• his works, v. 340.
• community of property with friends, viii. 342.
• division of life, vii. 342.
• doctrine of monads, xix. 348.
• founder of Italian philosophy, i. 338.
• geometrician, xi. 342.
• greatly admired, xv. 342.
• initiated into mysteries, iii. 338.
• introduced weights and measures to Greece, xiii. 344.
• letter to Anaximenes, xxvi. 358.
• manner of his death, xxi. 354.
• opinions on nature, xix. 349.
• practised divination, xviii. 346.
• precepts, vi. 341.
• —— as to worship, xix. 347.
• prohibition as to food, xviii. 346.
• ridiculed by Timon, xv. 353.
• symbols, his, xvii. 345.
• wife and son, xxii. 355.
• worship of Apollo, xii. 343.
• Schools of philosophy, xiii. 12.
• Seven wise men, the, xiv. 21.
• Simias, the Theban, 105.
• Simon, the Athenian leather cutter, 104.
• Socrates, an artificer, 64.
• character, his, viii. 66.
• contests, his, xxv. 74.
• counsels and sayings, xvi. 69.
• dæmon warnings, xvi. 69.
• executed for opinions, the first philosopher who was, v. 64.
• lamented by the Athenians, xxiii. 73.
• persuasive power, xii. 68.
• ransoms Phædo and teaches him philosophy, xiv. 68.
• school, his, xxvi. 74.
• saves Xenophon’s life, vii. 65.
• serves in Xenophon’s army, vii. 65.
• slaves, would not have, xiii. 68.
• wives, his, xvii. 70.
• Solon, the wise, life of, 23.
• apophthegms, his, xvi. 30.
• counsels, his, xii. 29.
• death of, xv. 29.
• escapes from Athens, iv. 25.
• excites Athens against Salamis, ii. 23.
• inscription on his statue, xv. 29.
• laws as to debts, i. 23.
• laws, vii. 26.
• letter to Crœsus, xx. 52.
• —— Epimenides, xviii. 30.
• —— Periander, xvii. 30.
• —— Pisistratus, xix. 31.
• means of preventing injustice, x. 28.
• opposes Pisistratus, iii. 24.
• poems, his, xiii. 29.
• taught time by moon, xi. 28.
• Speusippus, a basket-maker, vi. 152.
• commentaries, his, xi. 153.
• passionate and voluptuous, 152.
• Plato’s successor, 152.
• puts an end to his life, ix. 153.
• Sphærus, at Alexandria, 326.
• his books, iii. 327.
• Stars, Stoics, doctrine of, lxxi. 311.
• Stilpo, his acuteness, ii. 100.
• his dialogues, viii. 102.
• his end, x. 103.
• opinions on statues, v. 101.
• politician, a, iii. 100.
• rejects theory of species, vii. 102.
• his simplicity, vi. 101.
• visits Ptolemy Soter, iv. 101.
• Stoics, doctrines of, xxxiii. 274.
• Strato, the natural philosopher, ii. 202.
• Ptolemy Philadelphus, his pupil, iii. 202.
• successor of Theophrastus, 202.
• will, his last, vii. 203.
• writings, his, iv. 203.
• Thales, the wise, astronomical science studied and taught by him, ii. 14.
• death of, xii. 20.
• letter to Pherecydes, xv. 22.
• —— Solon, xvi. 22.
• sayings of, ix. 18.
• star-gazing and falling into the ditch, viii. 18.
• tripod awarded to him, vii. 16.
• views of the soul, his, iii. 15.
• Theodoreans, their opinions, xi. 93.
• Theodorus, a disciple of Aristippus, xv. 94.
• banished for his opinions, xvi. 95.
• Theophrastus, Aristotle’s pupil and friend, 194.
• character of, iv. 194.
• name, symbolic, vi. 195.
• will, his last, xiv. 200.
• writings, his, xiii. 196.
• Thesmophoria, what, note, 394.
• Timon, of Phliasis, 420.
• acuteness of, ii. 422.
• delighted in a garden, v. 422.
• fond of drinking, ii. 421.
• a jester, vi. 422.
• his pupils, vii. 423.
• Virtue and vice, Stoics’ doctrine of, lxv. 304.
• Water, the principle of all things, vi. 15.
• Wise man, the Stoics’, lxiv. 301.
• Wise men, the, who, ix. 10.
• Xenocrates, accidental death, xii. 157.
• a grave and solemn man, iii. 154.
• habit of meditation, viii. 156.
• kind to a sparrow, vi. 156.
• pupil of Plato, 154.
• self-denial of, v. 155.
• sold for his taxes, x. 157.
• writings, his, ix. 156.
• Xenophanes, banished, 382.
• buried his sons with his own hands, iv. 384.
• doctrines, his, iii. 383.
• wrote poems, iii. 383.
• Xenophon, banished by the Athenians, vii. 76.
• called the Attic muse, xiv. 78.
• conduct on death of his son, x. 77.
• escape to Corinth, ix. 77.
• first writer of memorabilia, iii. 75.
• follower of Socrates, ii. 75.
• friend of Cyrus, v. 75.
• love of Clinias, iv. 75.
• writings, his, xiii. 78.
• Zaleucus, account of, note, 345.
• Zeno, the Stoic, his abstinence, &c. xxiii. 269.
• admires Diodorus, xx. 266.
• anecdotes of him, xix. 266.
• Antigonus respects him, viii. 261.
• Athenians crown him, ix. 263.
• disciples and works, xxxi. 273.
• doctrines, xxxii. 273.
• kills himself, xxvi. 270.
• lectures in the Stoa or porch, vii. 261.
• manner of reproving, xix. 265.
• personal appearance, ii. 259.
• pupil of Crates, iii. 259.
• retiring disposition, xv. 264.
• republic, his, xxviii. 271.
• turn for investigation, xvii. 264.
• his vices, xiii. 263.
• writes about duty, xxi. 269.
• writings, iv. 260.
• Zeno, the Eleatic, adopted son of Parmenides, 386.
• arrested for treason against Nearches, v. 387.
• chief doctrines, viii. 388.
• invented dialectics, iv. 387.
• pounded to death in a mortar, v. 387.
• Zoroaster, his philosophy, note, 5.