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The Orbis Pictus

Pot-herbs
grow in Gardens,
as Lettice, 1.
Colewort, 2.
Onions, 3. Garlick, 4.
Gourd, 5.
The Parsnep, 6.
The Turnep, 7.
The Radish, 8.
Horse-radish, 9.
Parsly, 10.
Cucumbers, 11.
and Pompions, 12.

Olera
nascuntur in hortis,
ut Lactuca, 1.
Brassica, 2.
Cepa, 3. Allium, 4.
Cucurbita, 5.
Siser, 6.
Rapa, 7.
Raphanus minor, 8.
Raphanus major, 9.
Petroselinum, 10.
Cucumeres, 11.
Pepones, 12.

XVII. Corn.

Fruges.

Chapter 17

Some Corn grows upon a straw, parted by knots, as Wheat, 1. Rie, 2, Barley, 3. in which the Ear hath awnes, or else it is without awnes, and it nourisheth the Corn in the Husk.	Frumenta quædam crescunt super culmum, distinctum geniculis, ut, Triticum, 1. Siligo, 2. Hordeum, 3. in quibus Spica habet Aristas, aut est mutica, fovetque grana in gluma.
Some instead of an ear, have a rizom (or plume) containing the corn by bunches, as Oats, 4. Millet, 5. Turkey-wheat, 6.	Quædam pro Spica, habent Paniculam, continentem grana fasciatim, ut, Avena, 4. Milium, 5. Frumentum Saracenicum, 6.
Pulse have Cods, which enclose the corns in two Shales, as Pease, 7. Beans, 8. Vetches, 9. and those that are less than these Lentils and Urles (or Tares).	Legumina habent Siliquas, quæ includunt grana valvulis, ut, Pisum, 7. Fabæ, 8. Vicia, 9. & minores his Lentes & Cicera.

XVIII. Shrubs.

Frutices.

Chapter 18

A plant being greater, and harder than an herb, is called a Shrub: such as are	Planta major & durior herba, dicitur Frutex: ut sunt
In Banks and Ponds, the Rush, 1. the Bulrush, 2. or Cane without knots bearing Cats-tails, and the Reed, 3. which is knotty and hollow within.	In ripis & stagnis, Juncus, 1. Scirpus, 2. [Canna] enodis ferens Typhos, & Arundo, 3. nodosa et cava intus.
Elsewhere, 4. the Rose, the Bastard-Corinths, the Elder, the Juniper.	Alibi, 4. Rosa, Ribes, Sambucus, Juniperus,
Also the Vine, 5. which putteth forth branches, 6. and these tendrels, 7. Vine-leaves, 8. and Bunches of grapes, 9. on the stock whereof hang Grapes, which contain Grape-stones.	Item Vitis, 5. quæ emittit Palmites, 6. et hi Capreolos, 7. Pampinos, 8. et Racemos, 9. quorum Scapo pendent Uvæ, continentes Acinos.

XIX. Living-Creatures: and First, Birds.

Animalia: & primum, Aves

Chapter 19

A living Creature liveth, perceiveth, moveth it self; is born, dieth, is nourished, and groweth: standeth, or sitteth, or lieth, or goeth.	Animal vivit, sentit, movet se; nascitur, moritur, nutritur, & crescit; stat, aut sedet, aut cubat, aut graditur.
A Bird, (here the King’s Fisher, 1.* making her nest in the Sea.) is covered with Feathers, 2. flyeth with Wings, 3. hath two Pinions, 4. as many Feet, 5. a Tail, 6. and a Bill, 7.	Avis, (hic Halcyon, 1. in mari nidulans.) tegitur Plumis, 2. volat Pennis, 3. habet duas Alas, 4. totidem Pedes, 5. Caudam, 6. & Rostrum, 7.
The Shee, 8. layeth Eggs, 10. in a nest, 9. and sitting upon them, hatcheth young ones, 11.	Fæmella, 8. ponit Ova, 10. in nido, 9. et incubans iis, excludit Pullos, 11.
An Egg is cover’d with a Shell, 12. under which is the White, 13. in this the Yolk, 14.	Ovum tegitur testa, 12. sub qua est Albumen, 13. in hoc Vitellus, 14.

XX. Tame Fowls.

Aves Domesticæ.

Chapter 20

The Cock, 1. (which croweth in the Morning.) hath a Comb, 2. and Spurs, 3. being gelded, he is called a Capon, and is crammed in a Coop, 4.	Gallus, 1. (qui cantat mane.) habet Cristam, 2. & Calcaria, 3. castratus dicitur Capo & saginatur in Ornithotrophico, 4.
A Hen, 5. scrapeth the Dunghil, and picketh up Corns: as also the Pigeons, 6. (which are brought up in a Pigeon-house, 7.) and the Turkey-cock, 8. with his Turkey-hen, 9.	Gallina, 5. ruspatur fimetum, & colligit grana: sicut & Columbæ, 6, (quæ educantur in Columbario, 7.) & Gallopavus, 8. cum sua Meleagride, 9.
The gay Peacock, 10. prideth in his Feathers.	Formosus Pavo, 10. superbit pennis.
The Stork, 11. buildeth her nest on the top of the House.	Ciconia, 11. nidificat in tecto.
The Swallow, 12. the Sparrow, 13. the Mag-pie, 14. the Jackdaw, 15. and the Bat, 16. (or Flettermouse) use to flie about Houses.	Hirundo, 12. Passer, 13. Pica, 14. Monedula, 15. & Vespertilio, 16. (Mus alatus) volitant circa Domus.

XXI. Singing-Birds.

Oscines.

Chapter 21

The Nightingal, 1. singeth the sweetlyest of all.	Luscinia (Philomela), 1. cantat suavissime omnium.
The Lark, 2. singeth as she flyeth in the Air.	Alauda, 2. cantillat volitans in aere;
The Quail, 3. sitting on the ground;	Coturnix, 3. sedens humi;
others on the boughs of trees, 4. as the Canary-bird, the Chaffinch, the Goldfinch, the Siskin, the Linnet, the little Titmouse, the Wood-wall, the Robin-red-breast, the Hedge-sparrow, &c.	Cæteræ, in ramis arborum, 4. ut Luteola peregrina. Fringilla, Carduelis, Acanthis, Linaria, parvus Parus, Galgulus, Rubecula, Curruca, &c.
The party colour’d Parret, 5. the Black-bird, 6. the Stare, 7. with the Mag-pie and the Jay, learn to frame men’s words.	Discolor Psittacus, 5. Merula, 6. Sturnus, 7. cum Pica, & Monedula, discunt humanas voces formare
A great many are wont to be shut in Cages, 8.	Pleræque solent includi Caveis, 8.

The Master and the Boy.	Magister & Puer.
M. Come, Boy, learn to be wise.	M. Veni, Puer, disce sapere.
P. What doth this mean, to be wise?	P. Quid hoc est, Sapere?
M. To understand rightly, to do rightly, and to speak out rightly all that are necessary.	M. Intelligere recte, agere recte, et eloqui recte omnia necessaria.
P. Who will teach me this?	P. Quis docebit me hoc?
M. I, by God’s help.	M. Ego, cum DEO.
P. How?	P. Quomodo?
M. I will guide thee thorow all.	M. Ducam te per omnia.
I will shew thee all.	Ostendam tibi omnia.
I will name thee all.	Nominabo tibi omnia.
P. See, here I am; lead me in the name of God.	P. En, adsum; duc me in nomine DEI.
M. Before all things, thou oughtest to learn the plain sounds, of which man’s speech consisteth; which living creatures know how to make, and thy Tongue knoweth how to imitate, and thy hand can picture out.	M. Ante omnia, debes discere simplices Sonos ex quibus Sermo humanus constat; quos Animalia sciunt formare, & tua Lingua scit imitari, & tua Manus potest pingere.
Afterwards we will go into the World, and we will view all things.	Postea ibimus Mundum, & spectabimus omnia.
Here thou hast a lively and Vocal Alphabet.	Hic habes vivum et vocale Alphabetum.

	Cornix cornicatur, à à The Crow crieth.	A a
	Agnus balat, b è è è The Lamb blaiteth.	B b
	Cicàda stridet, cì cì The Grasshopper chirpeth.	C c
	Upupa dicit, du du The Whooppoo saith.	D d
	Infans ejulat, è è è The Infant crieth.	E e
	Ventus flat, fi fi The Wind bloweth.	F f
	Anser gingrit, ga ga The Goose gagleth.	G g
	Os halat, hà’h hà’h The Mouth breatheth.	H h
	Mus mintrit, ì ì ì The Mouse chirpeth.	I i
	Anas tetrinnit, kha, kha The Duck quaketh.	K k
	Lupus ululat, lu ulu The Wolf howleth.	L
	Ursus murmurat, mum mum The Bear grumbleth.	M m
	Felis clamat, nau nau The Cat crieth.	N n
	Auriga clamat, ò ò ò The Carter crieth.	O o
	Pullus pipit, pi pi The Chicken peepeth.	P p
	Cúculus cuculat, kuk ku The cuckow singeth.	Q q
	Canis ringitur, err The dog grinneth.	R r
	Serpens sibilat, si The Serpent hisseth.	S s
	Graculus clamat, tac tac The Jay crieth.	T t
	Bubo ululat, ù ù The Owl hooteth.	U u
	Lepus vagit, va The Hare squeaketh.	W w
	Rana coaxat, coax The Frog croaketh.	X x
	Asinus rudit, y y y The Asse brayeth.	Y y
	Tabanus dicit, ds ds The Breeze or Horse-flie saith.	Z z

God is of himself from everlasting to everlasting.	Deus est ex seipso, ab æterno in æternum.
A most perfect and a most blessed Being.	Perfectissimum & beatissimum Ens.
In his Essence Spiritual, and One.	Essentiâ Spiritualis & unus.
In his Personality, Three.	Hypostasi Trinus.
In his Will, Holy, Just, Merciful and True.	Voluntate, Sanctus, Justus, Clemens, Verax.
In his Power very great.	Potentiâ maximus.
In his Goodness, very good.	Bonitate Optimus.
In his Wisdom, unmeasurable.	Sapientiâ, immensus.
A Light inaccessible; and yet all in all.	Lux inaccessa; & tamen omnia in omnibus.
Every where, and no where.	Ubique & nullibi.
The chiefest Good, and the only and inexhausted Fountain of all good things.	Summum Bonum, et solus et inexhaustus Fons omnium Bonorum.
As the Creator, so the Governour and Preserver of all things, which we call the World.	Ut Creator, ita Gubernator et Conservator omnium rerum, quas vocamus Mundum.

The Heaven, 1. hath Fire, and Stars.	Cœlum, 1. habet Ignem & Stellas.
The Clouds, 2. hang in the Air.	Nubes, 2. pendent in Aere.
Birds, 3. fly under the Clouds.	Aves, 3. volant sub nubibus.
Fishes, 4. swim in the Water.	Pisces, 4. natant in Aqua.
The Earth hath Hills, 5. Woods, 6. Fields, 7. Beasts, 8. and Men, 9.	Terra habet Montes, 5. Sylvas, 6. Campos, 7. Animalia, 8. Homines, 9.
Thus the greatest Bodies of the World, the four Elements, are full of their own Inhabitants.	Ita maxima Corpora Mundi, quatuor Elementa, sunt plena Habitatoribus suis.

The Heaven, 1. is wheeled about, and encompasseth the Earth, 2. standing in the middle.	Cœlum, 1. rotatur, & ambit Terram, 2. stantem in medio.
The Sun, 3. wheresoever it is, shineth perpetually, howsoever dark Clouds, 4. may take it from us; and causeth by his Rays, 5. Light, and the Light, Day.	Sol, 3. ubi ubi est, fulget perpetuo, ut ut densa Nubila, 4. eripiant eum a nobis; facitque suis Radiis, 5. Lucem, Lux Diem.
On the other side, over against it, is Darkness, 6. and thence Night.	Ex opposito, sunt Tenebræ, 6. inde Nox.
In the Night shineth the Moon, 7. and the Stars, 8. glister and twinkle.	Nocte splendet Luna, 7. & Stellæ, 8. micant, scintillant.
In the Evening, 9. is Twilight:	Vesperi, 9. est Crepusculum:
In the Morning, 10. the breaking, and dawning of the Day.	Manè Aurora, 10. & Diluculum.

The Fire gloweth, burneth and consumeth to ashes.	Ignis ardet, urit, cremat.
A spark of it struck out of a Flint (or Firestone), 2. by means of a Steel, 1. and taken by Tynder in a Tynder-box, 3. lighteth a Match, 4. and after that a Candle, 5. or stick, 6. and causeth a flame, 7. or blaze, 8. which catcheth hold of the Houses.	Scintilla ejus elisa e Silice, (Pyrite) 2. Ope Chalybis, 1. et excepta a Fomite in Suscitabulo, 3. accendit Sulphuratum, 4. et inde Candelam, 5. vel Lignum, 6. et excitat Flammam, 7. vel Incendium, 8. quod corripit Ædificia.
Smoak, 9. ascendeth therefrom, which, sticking to the Chimney, 10. turneth into Soot.	Fumus, 9. ascendit inde, qui, adhærans Camino, 10. abit in Fuliginem.
Of a Fire-brand, (or burning stick) is made a Brand, 11. (or quenched stick).	Ex Torre, (ligno ardente,) fit Titio, 11. (lignum extinctum.)
Of a hot Coal (red hot piece of a Fire-brand) is made a Coal, 12. (or a dead Cinder).	Ex Pruna, (candente particulâ Torris,) fit Carbo, 12. (Particula mortua.)
That which remaineth, is at last Ashes, 13. and Embers (or hot Ashes).	Quod remanet, tandem est Cinis, 13. & Favilla (ardens Cinis.)

A cool Air, 1. breatheth gently.	Aura, 1. spirat leniter.
The Wind, 2. bloweth strongly.	Ventus, 2. flat valide.
A Storm, 3. throweth down Trees.	Procella, 3. sternit Arbores.
A Whirl-wind, 4. turneth it self in a round compass.	Turbo, 4. agit se in gyrum.
A Wind under Ground, 5. causeth an Earthquake.	Ventus subterraneus, 5. excitat Terræ motum.
An Earthquake causeth gapings of the Earth, (and falls of Houses.) 6.	Terræ motus facit Labes (& ruinas.) 6.

The Water springeth out of a Fountain, 1. floweth downwards in a Brook, 2. runneth in a Beck, 3. standeth in a Pond, 4. glideth in a Stream, 5. is whirled about in a Whirl-pit, 6. and causeth Fens, 7.	Aqua scatet è Fonte, 1. defluit in Torrente, 2. manat in Rivo, 3. stat in Stagno, 4. fluit in Flumine, 5. gyratur in Vortice, 6. & facit Paludes, 7.
The River hath Banks, 8.	Flumen habet Ripas.
The Sea maketh Shores, 9. Bays, 10. Capes, 11. Islands, 12. Almost Islands, 13. Necks of Land, 14. Straights, 15. and hath in it Rocks, 16.	Mare facit Littora, 9. Sìnus, 10. Promontoria, 11. Insulas, 12. Peninsulas, 13. Isthmos, 14. Freta, 15. & habet Scopulos, 16.

A Vapour, 1. ascendeth from the Water.	Vapor, 1. ascendit ex Aquâ.
From it a Cloud, 2. is made, and a white Mist, 3. near the Earth.	Inde Nubes, 2. fit, et Nebula, 3. prope terram.
Rain, 4. and a small Shower distilleth out of a Cloud, drop by drop.	Pluvia, 4. et Imber, stillat e Nube, guttatim.
Which being frozen, is Hail, 5. half frozen is Snow, 6. being warm is Mel-dew.	Quæ gelata, Grando, 5. semigelata, Nix, 6. calefacta, Rubigo est.
In a rainy Cloud, set over against the Sun the Rainbow, 7. appeareth.	In nube pluviosâ, oppositâ soli Iris, 7. apparet.
A drop falling into the water maketh a Bubble, 8. many Bubbles make froth, 9.	Gutta incidens in aquam, facit Bullam, 8. multæ Bullæ faciunt spumam, 9.
Frozen Water is called Ice, 10. Dew congealed, is called a white Frost.	Aqua congelata Glacies, 10. Ros congelatus, dicitur Pruina.
Thunder is made of a brimstone-like vapour, which breaking out of a Cloud, with Lightning, 11. thundereth and striketh with lightning.	Tonitru fit ex Vapore sulphureo, quod erumpens è Nube cum Fulgure, 11. tonat & fulminat.

A meadow, 1. yieldeth grass with Flowers and Herbs, which being cut down, are made Hay, 2.	Pratum, 1. fert Gramina, cum Floribus & Herbis quæ defecta fiunt Fænum, 2.
A Field, 3. yieldeth Corn, and Pot-herbs, 4.	Arvum, 3. fert Fruges, & Olera, 4.
Mushrooms, 5. Straw-berries, 6. Myrtle-trees, &c. come up in Woods.	Fungi, 5. Fraga, 6. Myrtilli, &c. Proveniunt in Sylvis.
Metals, Stones, and Minerals grow under the earth.	Metalla, Lapides, Mineralia, nascuntur sub terra.

Lead, 1. is soft, and heavy.	Plumbum, 1. est molle & grave.
Iron, 2. is hard, and Steel, 3. harder.	Ferrum, 2. est durum, & Calybs, 3. durior.
They make Tankards (or Cans), 4. of Tin.	Faciunt Cantharos, 4. e Stanno.
Kettles, 5. of Copper,	Ahena, 5, e Cupro,
Candlesticks, 6. of Latin,	Candelabra, 6. ex Orichalco,
Dollers, 7. of Silver,	Thaleros, 7. ex Argento,
Ducats and Crown-pieces, 8. of Gold.	Scutatos et Coronatos, 8. Ex, Auro.
Quick-silver is always liquid, and eateth thorow Metals.	Argentum Vivum, semper liquet, & corrodit Metalla.

Sand, 1. and Gravel, 2. is Stone broken into bits.	Arena, 1. & Sabulum, 2. est Lapis comminutus.
A great Stone, 3. is a piece of a Rock (or Crag) 4.	Saxum, 3. est pars Petræ (Cautis) 4.
A Whetstone, 5. a Flint, 6. a Marble, 7. &c. are ordinary Stones.	Cos, 5. Silex, 6. Marmor, 7. &c. sunt obscuri Lapides.
A Load-stone, 8. draweth Iron to it.	Magnes, 8. adtrahit ferrum.
Jewels, 9. are clear Stones, as	Gemmæ, 9. sunt pellucidi Lapilli,
The Diamond white	ut Adamas candidus,
The Ruby red,	Rubinus rubeus,
The Sapphire blue,	Sapphirus cæruleus,
The Emerald green,	Smaragdus viridis,
The Jacinth yellow, &c.	Hyacynthus luteus, &c.
And they glister being cut into corners.	et micant angulati.
Pearls and Unions, 10. grow in Shell-fish.	Margaritæ & Uniones, 10. crescunt in Conchis.
Corals, 11. in a Sea-shrub.	Corallia, 11. in Marinâ arbusculâ.
Amber, 12. is gathered from the Sea.	Succinum, 12. colligitur è mari.
Glass, 13, is like Chrystal.	Vitrum, 13. simile est Chrystallo.

A Plant, 1. groweth from a Seed.	Planta, 1. procrescit e Semine.
A plant waxeth to a Shoot, 2.	Planta abit in Fruticem, 2.
A Shoot to a Tree, 3.	Frutex in Arborem, 3.
The Root, 4. beareth up the Tree.	Radix, 4. Sustentat arborem.
The Body or Stem, 5. riseth from the Root.	Stirps (Stemma) 5. Surgit e radice.
The Stem divideth it self into Boughs, 6. and green Branches, 7. made of Leaves, 8.	Stirps se dividit in Ramos, 6. & Frondes, 7. factas e Foliis, 8.
The top, 9. is in the height.	Cacumen, 9. est in summo.
The Stock, 10. is close to the roots.	Truncus, 10. adhærat radicibus.
A Log, 11. is the body fell’d down without Boughs; having Bark and Rind, 12. Pith and Heart, 13.	Caudex, 11. est Stipes dejectus, sine ramis; habens Corticem & Librum, 12. pulpam & medullam, 13.
Bird-lime, 14. groweth upon the boughs, which also sweat Gumm, Rosin, Pitch, &c.	Viscum, 14. adnascitur ramis, qui etiam sudant, Gummi, Resinam, Picem, &c.

Fruits that have no shells are pull’d from fruit-bearing trees.	Poma decerpuntur, a fructiferis arboribus.
The Apple, 1. is round.	Malum, 1. est rotundum.
The Pear, 2. and Fig, 3. are something long.	Pyrum, 2. & Ficus, 3. sunt oblonga.
The Cherry, 4. hangeth by a long start.	Cerasum, 4. pendet longo Pediolo.
The Plumb, 5. and Peach, 6. by a shorter.	Prunum, 5. & Persicum, 6. breviori.
The Mulberry, 7. by a very short one.	Morum, 7. brevissimo.
The Wall-nut, 8. the Hazel-nut, 9. and Chest-nut, 10. are wrapped in a husk and a Shell.	Nux Juglans, 8. Avellana, 9. & Castanea, 10. involuta sunt Cortici & Putamini.
Barren trees are 11. The Firr, the Alder, The Birch, the Cypress, The Beech, the Ash, The Sallow, the Linden-tree, &c., but most of them affording shade.	Steriles arbores sunt 11. Abies, Alnus, Betula, Cupressus, Fagus, Fraxinus, Salix, Tilia, &c. sed pleræque umbriferæ.
But the Juniper, 12. and Bay-tree, 13. yield Berries.	At Juniperus, 12. & Laurus, 13. ferunt Baccas.
The Pine, 14. Pine-apples.	Pinus, 14. Strobilos.
The Oak, 15. Acorns and Galls.	Quercus, 15. Glandes & Gallas.

Amongst the Flowers the most noted,	Inter flores notissimi,
In the beginning of the Spring are the Violet, 1. the Crow-toes, 2. the Daffodil, 3.	Primo vere, Viola, 1. Hyacinthus, 2. Narcissus, 3.
Then the Lillies, 4. white and yellow and blew, 5. and the Rose, 6. and the Clove-gilliflowers, 7. &c.	Tum Lilia, 4. alba & lutea, & cœrulea, 5. tandem Rosa, 6. & Caryophillum, 7. &c.
Of these Garlands, 8. and Nosegays, 9. are tyed round with twigs.	Ex his Serta, 8. & Serviæ, 9. vientur.
There are added also sweet herbs, 10. as Marjoram, Flower gentle, Rue, Lavender, Rosemary. Hysop, Spike, Basil, Sage, Mints, &c.	Adduntur etiam Herbæ odoratæ, 10. ut Amaracus, Amaranthus, Ruta, Lavendula, Rosmarinus, (Libanotis). Hypossus, Nard, Ocymum, Salvia, Menta, &c.
Amongst Field-flowers, 11. the most noted are the May-lillie, Germander, the Blew-Bottle, Chamomel, &c.	Inter Campestres Flores, 11. notissimi sunt Lilium Convallium, Chamædrys, Cyanus, Chamæmelum, &c.
And amongst Herbs, Trefoil. Wormwood, Sorrel, the Nettle, &c.	Et Herbæ, Cytisus (Trifolium) Absinthium, Acetosa, Urtica, &c.
The Tulip, 12. is the grace of flowers, but affording no smell.	Tulipa, 12. est decus Florum, sed expers odoris.

A World of Things Obvious to the Senses drawn in Pictures.

Invitation.

Invitatio.

God.

Deus.

The World.

Mundus.

The Heaven.

Cœlum.

Fire.

Ignis.

The Air.

Aër.

The Water.

Aqua.

The Clouds.

Nubes.

The Earth.

Terra.

The Fruits of the Earth.

Terræ Fœtus.

Metals.

Metalla.

Stones.

Lapides.

Tree.

Arbor.

Fruits of Trees.

Fructus Arborum.

Flowers.

Flores.

Potherbs.

Olera.

Corn.

Fruges.

Shrubs.

Frutices.

Living-Creatures: and First, Birds.

Animalia: & primum, Aves

Tame Fowls.

Aves Domesticæ.

Singing-Birds.

Oscines.

A World of Things Obvious to the
Senses drawn in Pictures.