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Automobile Engineering

Piston Rings

Introduction:

Piston rings are provided on the piston. These are used to seal the high pressure side (cylinder) and low pressure side (crank case), i.e. to prevent leakage of gases. There is one oil ring also which is used to scrap the lubricating oil at the cylinder surface so that it returns to crank case.

Pistons ring details:

                                          

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                        

Fig: Piston rings

 

  1. Rings seal the compression in the combustion chamber and the motor oil in the crankcase.
  2. Automotive engines use 3 rings: 2 compressions and 1 multi-piece oil ring.
  3. Rings are usually made of cast iron
  4. Can be plated with chrome or molybdenum.
  5. Help seal the ring to the cylinder wall.
  6. Shapes of the ring vary to also help the ring seal better.

 

 

Piston Ring Wear:

  1. Causes a loss of compression.                 
  2. Causes excessive oil consumption.
  3. May cause blue smoke out the tail pipe.

Types of the piston rings:

There are six types of the piston rings:

Fig: Types of the piston rings